1. Spanish Rule Ends in Texas
3-1, Part 2 Power Notes
Spanish Rule Ends in Texas
Main Idea: Spain begins to lose its control of Texas as American filibusters and Mexican revolutionaries threaten Spanish authority.

2. Americans Migrate to Texas
Spain opened the door to Americans for colonization, beginning the Spanish Colonial era of Texas
Filibusters – individuals who carried out rebellious activities in a foreign country
Plotted to seize control of Texas

3. Americans Migrate to Texas
Philip Nolan – Irishman and mustanger (one who captures and sells wild horses) from Louisiana
Suspected of spying for U.S. Army
Ordered to leave Texas, but returns anyway and is killed in battle.
His men are captured and taken to prison in Mexico City; Peter Bean only survivor; later set free

4. “MUSTANGER” – one who captures and sells wild horses

5. PETER BEAN

6. The Hidalgo Revolution
September 16, 1810 – Father Miguel Hidalgo Y Costilla issues the grito de delores, or “Cry of Delores” for independence from Spain
*NOTE: Father Miguel Hidalgo ≠ Father Francisco Hidalgo (no relation)

7. A painting of Father Hidalgo

8. The Hidalgo Revolution
He asks the Mexican people to revolt
He is captured in 1811 and executed
He inspires others to take up arms

9. The Hidalgo Revolution
Assignment: Write down the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Use your notes and pp to correctly answer the following questions in complete sentences.
Who was Father Miguel Hidalgo (identify)?
Why were Mexican citizens so unhappy with Spanish rule?
What did Father Hidalgo want the people of Mexico to do? (explain)
What did Father Hidalgo mean by “a new dispensation”?
What was the outcome of Father Hidalgo’s grito for independence from Spain?

10. The Gutierrez-Magee Expedition
Bernardo Jose Gutierrez de Lara is a rebel (former Hidalgo supporter) from Mexico; recruits American Augustus Magee from U.S. Army for help in liberation, or freeing of Texas from Spain

11. The Gutierrez-Magee Expedition
Inspired by the American Revolution, they want to form a republic where voters choose people who represent them
In August 1812, they call their force the “Republican Army of the North”
In February 1813, Magee dies and is replaced any another American, Samuel Kemper

12. The Gutierrez-Magee Expedition
On March 29, 1813, the Republican Army defeats Spanish troops, captures San Antonio and issues a declaration of independence for Texas.
BUT, in August 1813 the Republican Army is soundly defeated by the Spanish Army led by General Joaquin de Arredondo at the Battle of Medina, near the Medina River north of San Antonio. They kill/execute most of the Republican Army.

13. The Gutierrez-Magee Expedition
Significance of Medina: This battle stopped the early Texas Revolution in its tracks being a major defeat for the Republican Army.

14. The Long Invasion
James Long is a filibuster from Mississippi who tries to free Texas from Spain
Captures Nacogdoches, declares Texas free and independent; elected president
Tries to recruit help from Jean Lafitte (we will learn about him tomorrow!)
He is later captured at Goliad, taken to Mexico City; killed by a guard

15. JAMES LONG

16. The Long Invasion
Jane, his wife, along with Kian, her servant, hold off Karankawa Indians
She later becomes wealthy landowner in Texas
Known historically as the “Mother of Texas”

17. JANE LONG

18. Texas Now Part of the Republic of Mexico
In 1817, Governor Antonio Martinez, the last Spanish governor of Texas, pleads for more troops in the San Antonio. Storehouses were empty, there was a lack of food, and a lack of money from the paymaster for troops.

19. Texas Now Part of the Republic of Mexico
September 1821: Mexico officially becomes independent from Spain
The Spanish Colonial era ends, and the Mexican National era begins

20. MEXICO 1821

21. MEXICO 1821

22. Texas Now Part of the Republic of Mexico
Spain ruled Texas for nearly 300 years, but resulted in only a few successful settlements.
San Antonio, Goliad, Nacogdoches, Ysleta, Laredo

23. Texas Now Part of the Republic of Mexico
Why did Spain fail to settle Texas???
No GOLD or SILVER
Spanish settlers preferred MEXICO
DISTANCE
Texas INDIANS were unfriendly

24. Assignment Today Summary #2 Work on: Hidalgo Revolution Q&A
Turn in when complete.
Work on:
Hidalgo Revolution Q&A
Chapter 6 Timeline
Chapter 6 People ID