1. ITS TREND AND ITS IMPACT – THE EUROPEAN UNION AS A CASE STUDY 1 MODUL E 4 ECONOMIC MIGRATION IN THE GLOBAL AGE

2. 2 -A border-free area -It covers so far 26 European countries -Basically, every EU citizen is entitled to work and reside freely within the territory of the member states! © European Union, 1995-2013 Video 1 Here! “Introduction of Schengen” THE SCHENGEN AREA

3. 3 © European Union, 1995-2013 Video 2 “SPAIN: Young Spanish job seekers find their El Dorado” Video 3 “Spanish Engineers Head for Germany | Made in Germany” STUDY : SPANISH IMMIGRANTS IN GERMANY

4. 4 But the growth rate has been gradually decreasing. POPULATION OF THE EU AS A WHOLE: INCREASING

5. 5 FERTILITY RATE BELOW 2.1 What do you notice from the figures?

6. Germany: - 0.19 population growth rate (2013) 6 Table extracted from Index MundiIndex Mundi IN SOME COUNTRIES, THE POPULATION HAS ALREADY BEEN DECREASING

7. 7 EUROPE IS AGEING

8. 8

9. (1) SOCIAL WELFARE SYSTEMS AT RISK 2012: 4 workers for every pensioner in the EU 2060: 2 workers for every pensioner in the EU 9 Impact of Declining and Ageing Population: : PENSIONER WORKER

10. Estimated lack of skilled workers in Germany  2 million by 2020  5.2 million by 2030 10 Impact of Declining and Ageing Population: (1) LACK OF SKILLED WORKERS

11. 11 Migration contributes more than natural increase to population growth WHAT CAN BE DONE? 1.Natural Increase 2.Net migration

12. 12 Unemployment rates by duration, 2012 (%); Table extracted from: EurostatEurostat Unemployment Rate in Hong Kong July-Sept, 2013 3.3% UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

13. 13 Competition: Migrants in Europe Competition: Migrants in Europe : Designed by Federico Beccari (Italy)