1. 11

2. 2 1 yard = 0.9444 meters

3. Measurement A number without a unit is meaningless A number without a unit is meaningless It is 4 long It is 4 long 4 what? 4 what? Scientists use the metric system or SI for le System Internationale d’Units Scientists use the metric system or SI for le System Internationale d’Units Makes sharing data easier Makes sharing data easier

4. Metric System Measurements have two parts Measurements have two parts Base unit and prefix Base unit and prefix Prefixes multiply or divide the base units by multiples 10 Prefixes multiply or divide the base units by multiples 10 Prefixes are the same for all units Prefixes are the same for all units

5. Base Units QuantityUnitAbbreviation Lengthmeterm Massgramg TemperaturekelvinK Electric currentampereA Amount of substancemolemol Luminous intensitycandelacd

6. Prefixes PrefixSymbolMeaningAs a number kilo-kthousand1,000 mega-Mmillion1,000,000 giga-Gbillion1,000,000,000 deci-dtenth0.1 centi-chundredth0.01 milli-mthousandth0.001 micro-  millionth0.000 001

7. Metric conversions Changing the unit Changing the unit Does not change the size of the measurement Does not change the size of the measurement If the unit gets bigger the number gets smaller If the unit gets bigger the number gets smaller If the unit gets smaller the number gets bigger If the unit gets smaller the number gets bigger Math with multiples of 10 Math with multiples of 10 We will cancel out units to make sure we set the problem up right We will cancel out units to make sure we set the problem up right

8. 88 English vs. Metric Units Left Image: http://webapps.lsa.umich.edu/physics/demolab/controls/imagedemosm.aspx?picid=1167 Right Image: http://share.lancealan.com/N800%20ruler.jpg Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers 1 mile 1 yard = 0.9444 meters 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters

9. 9 Metric Units The basic unit of length in the metric system in the meter and is represented by a lowercase m. Standard: The distance traveled by light in absolute vacuum in 1⁄299,792,458 of a second. Metric Units 1 Kilometer (km) = 1000 meters 1 Meter = 100 Centimeters (cm) 1 Meter = 1000 Millimeters (mm) m km cm mm Which is larger? A. 1 meter or 105 centimeters B. 4 kilometers or 4400 meters C. 12 centimeters or 102 millimeters D. 1200 millimeters or 1 meter Click the image to watch a short video about the meter.

10. 10 Measuring Length Ruler: http://www.k12math.com/math-concepts/measurement/ruler-cm.jpg How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter? What is the length of the line in centimeters? _______cm What is the length of the line in millimeters? _______mm What is the length of the line to the nearest centimeter? ________cm HINT: Round to the nearest centimeter – no decimals. 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters

11. Metric conversions A common race is the 5 K, which is 5 km. How many meters is this? A common race is the 5 K, which is 5 km. How many meters is this? Given unit -km Given unit -km Unit wanted –m Unit wanted –m The unit gets smaller, so the number must get bigger The unit gets smaller, so the number must get bigger 1000 m = 1 km 1000 m = 1 km

12. Metric conversions Distance in m = 5 km Distance in m = 5000 m 1000 m 1 km x

13. Metric conversions The recommended daily requirement of vitamin C is 500 mg. How many grams is this? The recommended daily requirement of vitamin C is 500 mg. How many grams is this? mass in g = 500 mg mass in g = 0.5 m 1 g 1000 mg x

14. Measuring length Use a ruler Use a ruler Line up from zero not the end of the ruler Line up from zero not the end of the ruler Small divisions are millimeters Small divisions are millimeters 01234

15. Volume Liter a common unit Liter a common unit 1 L about 1/4 of a gallon - a quart 1 L about 1/4 of a gallon - a quart 1 mL is about 20 drops of water or 1 sugar cube 1 mL is about 20 drops of water or 1 sugar cube

16. 16 English vs. Metric Units Which is larger? A. 1 liter or 1 gallon B. 1 liter or 1 quart C. 1 milliliter or 1 fluid ounce 1 gallon = 3.79 liters It would take approximately 3 ¾ 1- liter bottles to equal a gallon. 1 fl oz = 29.573 ml 1 12-oz can of soda would equal approximately 355 ml. 1 quart = 0.946 liters

17. 17 Metric Units Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. The base unit of volume in the metric system in the liter and is represented by L or l. Standard: 1 liter is equal to one cubic decimeter Metric Units 1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (mL) 1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cm 3 (or cc) = 1 gram* L kL cL mL Which is larger? A. 1 liter or 1500 milliliters B. 200 milliliters or 1.2 liters C. 12 cm 3 or 1.2 milliliters* Click the image to watch a short video about volume. * When referring to water Liter Image: http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Pictures/liter.gif

18. 18 Measuring Volume Top Image: http://www.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2006/grade8/science/images/20graphicaa.gif Bottom Image: http://morrisonlabs.com/meniscus.htm We will be using graduated cylinders to find the volume of liquids and other objects. Read the measurement based on the bottom of the meniscus or curve. When using a real cylinder, make sure you are eye-level with the level of the water. What is the volume of water in the cylinder? _____mL What causes the meniscus? A concave meniscus occurs when the molecules of the liquid attract those of the container. The glass attracts the water on the sides.

19. 19 Measuring Liquid Volume Images created at http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/primaryframework/downloads/SWF/measuring_cylinder.swf What is the volume of water in each cylinder? Pay attention to the scales for each cylinder. AB C D

20. 20 Measuring Solid Volume Click here for an online activity about volumeClick here for an online activity about volume. Choose Lessons  Volume & Displacement 10 cm 9 cm 8 cm We can measure the volume of regular object using the formula length x width x height. _____ X _____ X _____ = _____ http://resources.edb.gov.hk/~s1sci/R_S1Science/sp/en/ syllabus/unit14/new/testingmain1.htm We can measure the volume of irregular object using water displacement. Amount of H 2 O with object = ______ About of H 2 O without object = ______ Difference = Volume = ______

21. Measuring Volume Use a graduated cylinder. Use a graduated cylinder. The water will curve in the cylinder. The water will curve in the cylinder. Hold it level with your eye. Hold it level with your eye. Read the bottom of the curve. Read the bottom of the curve. Measures in milliliters mL. Measures in milliliters mL. 10 20 30

22. Mass weight is a force, is the amount of matter. weight is a force, is the amount of matter. 1gram is defined as the mass of 1 cm 3 of water at 4 ºC. 1gram is defined as the mass of 1 cm 3 of water at 4 ºC. 1 kg = 1 L of water 1 kg = 1 L of water 1 kg = 2.5 lbs 1 kg = 2.5 lbs 1 g = 1 paper clip 1 g = 1 paper clip 1 mg = 10 grains of salt or 2 drops of water. 1 mg = 10 grains of salt or 2 drops of water.

23. 23 English vs. Metric Units Which is larger? 1. 1 Pound or 100 Grams 2. 1 Kilogram or 1 Pound 3. 1 Ounce or 1000 Milligrams 1 pound = 453.6 grams 100 kilogram = 220 pounds 1 ounce of gold = 28,349.5 milligrams

24. 24 Metric Units Mass refers to the amount of matter in an object. The base unit of mass in the metric system in the kilogram and is represented by kg. Standard: 1 kilogram is equal to the mass of the International Prototype Kilogram (IPK), a platinum-iridium cylinder kept by the BIPM at Sèvres, France. Metric Units 1 Kilogram (km) = 1000 Grams (g) 1 Gram (g) = 1000 Milligrams (mg) g kg cg mg Which is larger? A. 1 kilogram or 1500 grams B. 1200 milligrams or 1 gram C. 12 milligrams or 12 kilograms D. 4 kilograms or 4500 grams Click the image to watch a short video about mass. Kilogram Prototype Kilogram Prototype Image - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram

25. 25 Measuring Mass Top Image: http://www.southwestscales.com/Ohaus_Triple_Beam_750-SO.jpg Bottom Image: http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/laboratory/graphics/triplebeambalance.jpg We will be using triple-beam balances to find the mass of various objects. The objects are placed on the scale and then you move the weights on the beams until you get the lines on the right-side of the scale to match up. Once you have balanced the scale, you add up the amounts on each beam to find the total mass. What would be the mass of the object measured in the picture? _______ + ______ + _______ = ________ g

26. 26 Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance Click here to try an online activity. 1 st – Place the film canister on the scale. 2 nd – Slide the large weight to the right until the arm drops below the line. Move the rider back one groove. Make sure it “locks” into place. 3 rd – Repeat this process with the top weight. When the arm moves below the line, back it up one groove. 4 th – Slide the small weight on the front beam until the lines match up. 5 th – Add the amounts on each beam to find the total mass to the nearest tenth of a gram.

27. Measuring Mass Use a triple beam balance Use a triple beam balance First balance it at zero. First balance it at zero. Then put item on Then put item on Then move one weight at a time Then move one weight at a time When balanced, add up the weights When balanced, add up the weights

28. 012345678910 0 203040506070809010001020304050607080901000 200300400500

29. 2929 Temperature 1. Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius o C = 5/9 x ( o F – 32) o C =.5555 x ( o F -32) 2. Converting Celsius to Fahrenheit o F = (9/5 x o C) + 32 o F = (1.8 x o C) + 32 Example: 85 o F o C =.5555 x (85 – 32) o C =.5555 x 53 = 29.4 o C Water oFoF oCoC Boiling Pt.212100 Melting Pt320

30. 30