1. MAPPING OUR WORLD

2. CARTOGRAPHY THE SCIENCE OF MAPMAKING

3. DEFINITIONS Equator: imaginary line at 0degrees latitude dividing planet between North and South Poles Latitude: Lines parallel to equator Prime meridian: imaginary line at 0 degrees longitude dividing East from West Longitude: lines “parallel” to prime meridian

4. LATITUDE Indicates location north / south Equator = 0 degrees Each pole = 90 degrees Each degree equal to 111 km (about 70 miles) Degrees subdivided into smaller unit called minutes

5. LONGITUDE Indicates direction east/west Prime meridian runs through Greenwich England Areas numbered 0-180 degrees International date line is at 180 degrees Longitude lines are not parallel

6. TIME ZONES 24 zones Necessary since earth is spinning Each zone is approximately 15 degrees – however, local variation exists International date line: When traveling east move back a day, if moving west move forward one day. Located in the Pacific.

7. TYPES OF MAPS MERCATOR: Latitude AND longitude are parallel. Shapes of landmasses are correct. Size of landmasses wrong (exp. Greenland being larger than Australia)

8. TYPES OF MAPS CONIC * Very little distortion at a particular latitude * Best for mapping local, smaller areas

9. TYPES OF MAPS TOPOGRAPHIC Show elevation by using contour lines