2. Answers will vary. Your mind seems to see something that really is not there or is not happening

4. 1. It seems like the boy on the red stool is much closer and therefore larger than the man on the left. 2. The way the room is painted gives this impression.

5. Picture 1: The center red dot in the left seems larger than the one on the right. Picture 2: Black dots seem to appear and disappear in the white circles. Picture 3: You can see either a white vase or two black faces.

6. Lesson 7A Click here to enlarge the passage

7. Vocabulary Lesson 7A

8. error (n.) a mistake

9. relation (n.) the connection that exists between two things

10. vision (n.) the ability to see clearly with your eyes

11. personal (adj.) belonging or relating to a particular person

12. compare (v.) to examine things for the differences and similarities

13. size (n.) how small or large something is

14. therefore (adv.) as a result, in conclusion

15. mind (n.) all your thoughts and the way you think about things

16. choose (v.) to decide which things you want out of several choices

17. straightforward (adj.) easy, direct

18. first paragraph lines 10-11 lines 13-14

19. line 13 lines 19-20

20. larger size there see vase faces understand

22. therefore size minds related compared choose

27. thought emotion memory sensation perception

28. 1. three 2. What these dreams mean about our lives and emotions

29. Lesson 7B Click here to enlarge the passage

30. Vocabulary Lesson 7B

31. contain (v.) to have or include something within it

32. emotion (n.) a feeling like happiness, anger, or sadness

33. stage (n.) a part of an activity or process

34. depend (on) (v.) to need someone or something in order to happen

35. individual (n.) one person or thing rather than a group

36. event (n.) something that happens, a planned occasion

37. period (n.) a length of time

38. pressure (n.) stress, a state of worry when someone is demanding

39. major (adj.) important, serious

40. prepare (v.) to get ready to do something

41. entire passage line 4 line 8

42. lines 11-14 line 17

43. b, d c a, e

44. major stages periods individuals

45. pressure emotions prepare contains

46. Events major individuals prepare depend

48. Answers will vary, but possibilities in include insomnia, jet lag, sleeping sickness

49. major period stages

50. mind individuals Therefore events

51. 1 and 2. Answers will vary.

52. For More Information http://science.nationalgeographic.com/scien ce/health-and-human-body/human- body/brain-article

53. Key Words for Internet Research dreamsoptical illusionsSensation emotionparasomniasleep identical twinsperceptionthought memoryRapid Eye Movement

54. Reading Skills

55. Understanding the Main Idea Once we've determined the text type of a passage, and what it's generally about, we usually then read on to understand the main idea of the passage. In other words: What is the writer basically telling us? Or, What is the writer's main message? Understanding the main idea of a text means being able to identify the most important point or information in the passage.

56. Identifying Details Identifying details in a text to answer specific questions (eg: who, what, when, where, why) is often achieved through a strategy known as ‘Scanning’ for details. This is actually a technique often used in daily life when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. Also when you read a newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text for important information of interest.

57. Understanding Reference Understanding reference in a text is an important reading skill which involves focusing on specific meaning of ‘pronoun references’ used throughout a passage (eg: this, those, their, it). This is an important skill to help develop full comprehension of significant details of a section of a passage which refer back to previous statements made.

58. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing involves the skill of identifying a restatement of a section in a passage that retains the basic meaning while changing the words, often explained in a more simplified form. A paraphrase often clarifies a more ambiguous original statement in the text by putting it into alternative words that are often more easily understood.

59. Understanding the Main Idea Once we've determined the text type of a passage, and what it's generally about, we usually then read on to understand the main idea of the passage. In other words: What is the writer basically telling us? Or, What is the writer's main message? Understanding the main idea of a text means being able to identify the most important point or information in the passage.