1.  April 7: QA Systems, EPA definitions, PQAOs and common sense – Mike Papp  April 14: Routine Quality Control and Data Management (1-pt QC, flow rate, and instrument stability checks) – Travis Maki  April 21: Audits Overview (NPAP, PEP, Annual PE, Flow Rate Audits) – Jeremy Howe  April 28: Calculating Bias and Precision and AQS reports – Bill Frietsche  May 5: 40 CFR 58 App. A- Gaseous Pollutants – Glenn Gehring  May 12: 40 CFR 58 App. A- Ozone – Chris Ellis, Southern Ute  May 19: 40 CFR 58 App. A- PM filter and continuous methods –Brandy Toft, Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe 1

2. 2 Guest Speaker: Brandy Toft Leech Lake Ojibwe

3.  Overview of FRM/FEM/ARM status, requirements, and reporting  QC (routine checks, audits, and method- specific QC) for: ◦ Filter and Continuous PM2.5 ◦ Filter and Continuous PM10  Minivols  General PM QC issues 3

4. 4 Draft SOPs for approved FEMs written by EPA in our course downloads folder at: http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/session %207-PM/EPA%20Draft%20Continuous%20PM%20SOPs/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/session %207-PM/EPA%20Draft%20Continuous%20PM%20SOPs/ Thermo 8500C FDMS – Recently delivered from STI - looking for Reviewers; please contact Tim Hanley at: hanley.tim@epa.gov

5.  If comparing to standard, MUST use FRM or FEM; see 40 CFR 50.7 ◦ Also look at Appendix C to 40 CFR Part 58 – Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Methodology  You may have purposes other than comparing to NAAQS, and you may want different types of instruments to suit your goals  Can use an FRM (class 1, filter-based), FEM class II (filter-based, like dichots), or FEM class III (continuous), or ARM (someday) 5

6.  6 PM 2.5 continuous methods have been approved as FEMs  PM 2.5 Continuous Monitoring http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/contmont.html http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/contmont.html  If PM 2.5 continuous FEMs meet Part 53 criteria used to approve the instrument by comparing to collocated FRMs, EPA supports use of the continuous FEM as a Primary monitor (see spreadsheet for the calcs at above website, and ppt explanation in session 7 folder at http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA1 01_Resources/session%207-PM/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA1 01_Resources/session%207-PM/ 6

7.  Met One BAM-1020 Monitor – EQPM-0308-170  Thermo Scientific Model 5014i or FH62C14-DHS – EQPM-0609-183  Thermo Scientific Model 5030 SHARP – EQPM- 0609-184  Thermo Scientific Series 8500C FDMS – EQPM- 0609-181  Thermo Scientific 1405-DF FDMS – EQPM-0609- 182  GRIMM Model EDM 180 PM 2.5 Monitor – EQPM- 0311-195 7

8. Method Description Method Code Monitors Reporting to AQS – Nov. ‘10 Met One BAM-102017067 Thermo 8500C FDMS18124 Thermo 1405-DF FDMS1821 Thermo 5014i or FH62C14-DHS1830 Thermo 5030 SHARP1842 GRIMM EDM 180195 0 8

9.  ARM = Approved Regional Method  No ARMs yet  Process of establishing an ARM is the same as an FEM, must collocate FRM and produce 90 + sample pairs per year with 20 ea season  Use same spreadsheet to evaluate data http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_download s/QA101_Resources/session%207-PM/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_download s/QA101_Resources/session%207-PM/  Regional office must approve (natch) 9

10.  An approved FEM can be designated as primary  The FEM can be collocated with FRM, the FRM being primary  An ARM FEM can be approved (takes at least a year of operation to gather enough data, plus time for approval)  Approved primary FEM or ARM would then report to AQS as 88101, POC 3 10

11.  http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101 _Resources/session%207-PM/contrept.pdf http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101 _Resources/session%207-PM/contrept.pdf  And http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101 _Resources/session%207-PM/femarmslam.pdf http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101 _Resources/session%207-PM/femarmslam.pdf  Remember all QA requirements apply: ◦ Collocation, FR checks, PEP audits in Appendix A: http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resou rces/session%201-QA%20systems,%20PQAOs/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resou rces/session%201-QA%20systems,%20PQAOs/ ◦ Siting (Appendix E) http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resou rces/session%207-PM/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resou rces/session%207-PM/ 11

12. MethodCFRFrequencyMQO Flow Rate Verification (QC check) 3.2.3*Once every 4 weeks <= 4% of Standard & 5% of Design Value Semi-Annual Flow Rate Audit 3.2.4Every 6 Months <= 4% of Standard & 5% of Design Value Collocated Sampling3.2.515% of Network Every 12 Days PM 2.5, TSP, PM 10 : Precision = 10% PM 2.5 PEP Program3.2.7Each quarter- (see QA Requirements for NAAQS.xls) Bias = 10% 12 See e-cfr, or: http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/se ssion%201-QA%20systems,%20PQAOs/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/se ssion%201-QA%20systems,%20PQAOs/

13. MethodAQSWho? With What? Flow Rate Verification (not required to be reported to AQS) RPCan be site operator, no national certification required, not the same standards that are used to calibrate your analyzer Semi-Annual Flow Rate Audit RAPreferably not site operator, no national certification required, not the same standards that are used for monthly QC checks PM PEP RP, and contractor reports their values OAQPS/TAMS certified auditor OAQPS/TAMS equipment 13 General info on filter methods in guidance doc 2.12: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/files/ambient/pm25/qa/m 212covd.pdf http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/files/ambient/pm25/qa/m 212covd.pdf

14.  Same CFR requirements for filter (FRM-17 methods) and dichot (2 methods) and continuous (6 methods), although there are separate validation templates for filter, continuous & dichot (http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/session%20 1-QA%20systems,%20PQAOs/)http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/session%20 1-QA%20systems,%20PQAOs/  collocation: ◦ if <= 3 sites, at least 1 FRM collocated with one FEM ◦ 1/12 days for SLAMS, 1/6 for PSD  PEP five times each year if fewer than 5 sites  FR checks every 4 weeks(RP) with own stnd  FR audit every 6 months(RA) with outside stnd 14

15.  Lab ◦ Never ship on a Friday ◦ Find what works for you and work with the lab  Metal vs. plastic filter covers ◦ Send AQS raw data monthly ◦ Keep up communications  Have a good aqs contractor ◦ Get to know and trust ◦ Double check their work  Train in good back-up people 15

16.  Backpack ready ◦ PM field log book and Field log book ◦ SOPs and quick look maintenance schedule ◦ Calendar with 1:6 schedule ◦ Delta Cal instructional book ◦ O-ring kits and grease ◦ WINS impactor filters/oil ◦ Flow disks ◦ Cleaning supplies ◦ Writing utensils for all weather ◦ Keys 16

17.  EPA ◦ Withdraw of funds – fought to keep monitors ◦ Don’t take no for an answer – present case  No other PM monitoring in area – can’t rely on other data ◦ Don’t rely on for audits, have a back up plan  Do what type of monitoring is best for the Tribe ◦ Look at worst case scenario, legal aspect 17

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20.  FRM are all filter-based methods (40 CFR 50 App. J)  FEM includes continuous methods (40 CFR 53)  BOTH can be compared to the NAAQS for PM 10 (40 CFR 50.7) 20

21.  Hi-vol (1130 lpm) method (used for TSP) with PM 10 inlet that directs only PM 10 to filter; guidance in EPA Handbook 2.11  Lo-vol sampling at 16.7 L/m; see EPA Handbook 2.10; can be either: ◦ Dichot method which split into PM 2.5 and PM 10 ; both filters are weighed ◦ Lo-vol sampler (R&P, Andersen, and BGI all approved as FRM PM 10 ) 21 Both handbooks at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/qapollutant.html http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/qapollutant.html

22.  TEOMs  BAMs  See TAMS Center’s course material specific to these methods: ◦ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_ Resources/BAM%20checklists/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_ Resources/BAM%20checklists/ ◦ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/BAM_Re sources/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/BAM_Re sources/ ◦ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_ Resources/TEOM%20docs/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_ Resources/TEOM%20docs/ ◦ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/TEOM_ Resources/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/TEOM_ Resources/ 22

23. MethodCFRFrequencyMQO Flow Rate Verification (QC check) LOW-VOL, 16.7 LPM 3.3.2Once every 4 weeks <= 4% of Standard & 5% of Design Value Flow Rate Verification (QC check) HI-VOL, 1130 LPM 3.3.2Once every quarter <= 7% of Standard & 10% of Design Value Semi-Annual Flow Rate Audit LOW- VOL 3.3.3Every 6 Months <= 4% of Standard & 5% of Design Value Semi-Annual Flow Rate Audit HI-VOL 3.3.3Every 6 Months <= 10% of Standard & 10% of Design Value Collocated Sampling 3.3.115% of Network Every 12 Days Precision = 10% 23 (hi-vol or lo-vol doesn’t matter to the 15%)

24. MethodCFRFrequencyMQO Flow Rate Verification (QC check) 3.2.3Once every 4 weeks <= 7% of Standard & 10% of design Semi-Annual Flow Rate Audit 3.2.4Every 6 Months <= 10% of Standard & design Average Flow Rate Not in CFR, just in validation template so is recommendation Every 24 hours Average within 5% of design 24 Plus whatever your instrument manuals call for; see example QC sheets in the session 7 folder, and the EPA example SOPs have QC sheets appended: http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/session%207-PM/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/session%207-PM/

25. MethodAQSFrequencyWho? With What? Flow Rate Verification (not required to be reported to AQS) RPOnce every 4 weeks Can be site operator, no national certification required, not the same standards that are used to calibrate your analyzer Semi-Annual Flow Rate Audit RAEvery 6 Months Preferably not site operator, no national certification required, not the same standards that are used for monthly QC checks 25

26.  As for all PM, it all hinges on flow rate and careful filter handling  http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/M iniVol_Resources/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/M iniVol_Resources/ 26

27.  Laboratories! ◦ The TAMS Center laboratory provides exemplary reports; examples available for you to urge your lab to copy: http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/ses sion%207-PM/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/ses sion%207-PM/ ◦ Also ask for quarterly QC reports ◦ TAMS gravimetric services: http://www4.nau.edu/tams/services/filterlab.asp http://www4.nau.edu/tams/services/filterlab.asp  Flow rate standards must be verified annually, some guidance in Redbook http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/EPA% 20guidance%20and%20other%20reference%20material / http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/QA101_Resources/EPA% 20guidance%20and%20other%20reference%20material /  Data management (filters require chain of custody; see example COC forms for PEP program in session 7 folder ) 27

28.  You may be using a non-FRM/FEM, so you can report to AQS using the non-regulatory guidance: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaqs/memos/Non%20Regulat ory%20Monitor%20Type%20Guidance.pdf http://www.epa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaqs/memos/Non%20Regulat ory%20Monitor%20Type%20Guidance.pdf  Flow rate and pressure calcs are made easier with free program: http://www.unitconverterpro.com/ http://www.unitconverterpro.com/  REPORT NEGATIVE VALUES: see your MDL in the table AQS_SplgMethodsFromToolbox.xls in session 7 folder: ◦ TEOMs MDL ranges from -10 to -50 ◦ BAMS MDL ranges from -10 to 4 m g/m 3 28

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31.  It ALL hangs on flow rate  PM2.5 PEP auditing necessary for NAAQS data  Your instrument may be able to do “better” than validation criteria, see your spec sheets  Course website: http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/Q A101_Resources/ http://itep68.itep.nau.edu/itep_downloads/Q A101_Resources/  Our emails: ◦ Brandy Toft air@lldrm.orgair@lldrm.org ◦ Melinda.ronca-battista@nau.edu Melinda.ronca-battista@nau.edu ◦ Christopher.lee@nau.edu Christopher.lee@nau.edu 31