2. 1. W HAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ROTATION AND REVOLUTION ? Rotation is the spin of a body on its axis, while revolution is one complete trip around an orbit.

3. 2. H OW LONG DOES IT TAKE FOR THE E ARTH TO REVOLVE ? R OTATE ? The Earth takes 365.25 days to revolve around the sun, and 24 hours to rotate around its axis.

4. 3. W HY DOES THE E ARTH HAVE SEASONS ? The Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted 23.5 ⁰.

5. 4. W HEN THE N ORTHERN H EMISPHERE IS TILTED TOWARD THE SUN, WHAT SEASON IS IT ? W HEN IT IS TILTED AWAY FROM THE SUN IT IS WHAT SEASON ? When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, it is summer. When it is tilted away from the sun, it is winter.

6. 5. W HAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE WINTER AND SUMMER SOLSTICE ? During t he winter solstice, the Earth’s axis is tilted away from the sun the furthest. It is the shortest daylight for the Northern Hemisphere. During t he summer solstice, the Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun the furthest. It is the longest daylight for the Northern Hemisphere.

7. 6. W HAT IS AN EQUINOX ? Equinox is when the sun’s rays are perpendicular to the axis of the Earth, and fall directly on the equator. Day and night are approximately the same length. Neither pole is tilted towards the sun THINK EQUAL

8. 7. W HY DO WE NEVER SEE THE FAR SIDE OF THE MOON ? We never see the far side of the moon because the moon’s period of rotation is about the same as its period of revolution. We don’t see the dark side of the moon!

9. 8. P HASES OF THE MOON DEPEND ON ? …depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth, or where the moon is on its orbit around the Earth.

10. 9. D RAW THE PHASES OF THE MOON IN ORDER FROM NEW MOON TO NEW MOON.

12. 10. W HAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SOLAR AND LUNAR ECLIPSE ? W HAT MOON PHASE DO THEY OCCUR DURING ? A solar eclipse happens during a new moon. During a solar eclipse, the shadow of the moon falls on Earth and the moon covers the sun. A lunar eclipse happens during a full moon. During a lunar eclipse, the shadow of the Earth falls on the moon so it cannot reflect the sunlight. The moon seems to turn a reddish color.

16. 11. H OW OFTEN TO TIDES OCCUR AND HOW MANY HOURS ARE BETWEEN EACH ? We have two low tides and two high tides in a 24 hour period. 12 hours between high tide and high tide or between low tide and low tide. 6 hours between high tide and low tide or between low tide and high tide.

17. 12. W HAT IS THE MOST WIDELY ACCEPTED THEORY OF THE FORMATION OF THE MOON AND EXPLAIN THE THEORY ? The most widely accepted theory of the formation of the moon is the Collision Theory that explains that a large, Mars-size object collided with Earth while the Earth was still forming. The collision was so violent that a part of the Earth’s mantle was blasted into orbit around Earth to form the moon. Collision Theory Collision Theory (start clip at 1:50)

18. 13. W HERE HAVE SCIENTIST GOTTEN MOST OF THEIR INFORMATION ABOUT THE MOON FROM ? … the study of the moon rocks gathered by astronauts.

19. 14. H OW LONG DOES IT TAKE THE MOON TO ROTATE ? R EVOLVE ? Rotation and revolution are EQUAL!!!! 23.5 Days

20. 15. W HAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SPRING AND NEAP TIDE ? W HAT MOON PHASES DO THEY OCCUR DURING ? Neap tide happens whe the sun, the Earth and the moon are at a 90 ⁰ angle. There is not much of a difference between a high and a low tide. They happen during first and last quarters. Spring tide happens when the Earth the sun and the moon are aligned and the Earth experiences extreme tides. They happen during the new moon and the full moon.

21. Neap: Small little Spring: Large

22. 16. I N WHICH LOCATION WOULD YOU SEE A TOTAL ECLIPSE ? P ARTIAL ECLIPSE ? You would see a total eclipse in the umbra. You would see a partial eclipse in the penumbra. Partial=Penumbra

23. 17. W HAT CAUSES DAY AND NIGHT ON E ARTH ? Earth’s rotation causes day and night. It will be day on the side of the Earth facing the sun, while on the side of the Earth facing away from the sun it will be night.

24. 18. A S THE MOON MOVES FROM NEW MOON TO FULL MOON HOW DOES THE MOON CHANGE ? The moon waxes as it moves from new moon to full moon. It’s getting bigger! That means that we see more of the sunlit side of the moon. Then, it Wanes, it’s getting smaller!

25. 19. W HICH DAY HAS THE LONGEST NUMBER OF DAYLIGHT HOURS ? S HORTEST NUMBER OF DAYLIGHT HOURS ? Longest number of daylight hours: the day of the summer solstice. Shortest day of daylight hours: winter solstice.

26. 20. D AY AND NIGHT ARE EQUAL IN LENGTH ON WHICH DAYS ? Day and night are approximately the same length during the vernal and invernal equinoxes. Think EQUAL