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4. Electron Microscopes Lasers Applications of Atomic Physics Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics > Applications of Atomic Physics Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics?campaign_content=book_5869_section_197&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium= direct&utm_source=boundless

5. Electron microscopes are very useful as they are able to magnify objects to a much higher resolution than optical ones. Higher resolution can be achieved with electron microscopes because the de Broglie wavelengths for electrons are so much smaller than that of visible light. In electron microscopes, electromagnets can be used as magnetic lenses to manipulate electron beams. Electron Microscopes Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/atomic-physics-and- introduction-to-quantum-physics-27/applications-of-atomic-physics-197/electron-microscopes-689- 524?campaign_content=book_5869_section_197&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=boun dless Electron Microscope Image View on Boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics > Applications of Atomic Physics

6. The gain medium is where the optical amplification process occurs. Gas and semiconductors are commonly used gain media. The most common type of laser uses feedback from an optical cavity--a pair of highly reflective mirrors on either end of the gain medium. A single photon can bounce back and forth between the mirrors many times, passing through the gain medium and being amplified each time. Lasers are ubiquitous, finding utility in thousands of highly varied applications in every section of modern society. Lasers Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/atomic-physics-and- introduction-to-quantum-physics-27/applications-of-atomic-physics-197/lasers-690- 1129?campaign_content=book_5869_section_197&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bou ndless Wavelengths of Commercially Available Lasers View on Boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics > Applications of Atomic Physics

7. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Appendix

8. Key terms CCD A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example conversion into a digital value. The CCD is a major technology required for digital imaging. de Broglie wavelength The wavelength of a matter wave is inversely proportional to the momentum of a particle and is called a de Broglie wavelength. stimulated emission The process by which an atomic electron (or an excited molecular state) interacting with an electromagnetic wave of a certain frequency may drop to a lower energy level, transferring its energy to that field. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics

9. Electron Microscope Image An image of an ant in a scanning electron microscope. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia. "Electron microscope." CC BY http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_microscope#cite_note-erni-1 View on Boundless.comCC BYhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_microscope#cite_note-erni-1View on Boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics

10. Optical and Electron Microscopes Diagram of the basic components of an optical microscope and an electron microscope. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Wave nature of matter: Electron microscopes." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m39574/latest/ View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m39574/latest/View on Boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics

11. Wavelengths of Commercially Available Lasers Laser types with distinct laser lines are shown above the wavelength bar, while below are shown lasers that can emit in a wavelength range. The height of the lines and bars gives an indication of the maximal power/pulse energy commercially available, while the color codifies the type of laser material. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia. "List of laser types." CC BY http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_types View on Boundless.comCC BYhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_typesView on Boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics

12. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics Electron microscope can achieve A) better than 50 pm resolution and magnifications of up to about 10,000,000 times B) better than 50 nm resolution and magnifications of up to about 10,000 times C) better than 0.5 pm resolution and magnifications of up to about 1, 000,000,000 times D) better than 0.05 mm resolution and magnifications of up to about 1000 times

13. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics Electron microscope can achieve A) better than 50 pm resolution and magnifications of up to about 10,000,000 times B) better than 50 nm resolution and magnifications of up to about 10,000 times C) better than 0.5 pm resolution and magnifications of up to about 1, 000,000,000 times D) better than 0.05 mm resolution and magnifications of up to about 1000 times

14. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics Electron microscopes provide higher resolution than optical microscopes because A) the de Broglie wavelengths for electrons are so much smaller than that of visible light B) magnetic lenses instead of optical lenses are used C) light-sensitive sensors, such as a charge-coupled device camera, are used for detection D) powerful electromagnets are installed

15. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics Electron microscopes provide higher resolution than optical microscopes because A) the de Broglie wavelengths for electrons are so much smaller than that of visible light B) magnetic lenses instead of optical lenses are used C) light-sensitive sensors, such as a charge-coupled device camera, are used for detection D) powerful electromagnets are installed

16. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics The gain medium is where A) the voltage breakdown process occurs B) Rayleigh scattering process occurs C) Raman scattering process occurs D) the optical amplification process occurs

17. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics The gain medium is where A) the voltage breakdown process occurs B) Rayleigh scattering process occurs C) Raman scattering process occurs D) the optical amplification process occurs

18. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics A laser consists of A) a gain medium and a mechanism to supply energy to it B) a gain medium and an emitter C) highly reflective mirrors and an emitter D) a power supply and an emitter

19. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics A laser consists of A) a gain medium and a mechanism to supply energy to it B) a gain medium and an emitter C) highly reflective mirrors and an emitter D) a power supply and an emitter

20. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics Commonly used gain media include A) gas and semiconductors B) semiconductors and dielectrics C) gas and dielectrics D) gas and highly reflective mirrors

21. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics Commonly used gain media include A) gas and semiconductors B) semiconductors and dielectrics C) gas and dielectrics D) gas and highly reflective mirrors

22. Attribution Wikipedia. "Electron microscope." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_microscope#cite_note-erni-1CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_microscope#cite_note-erni-1 Connexions. "Wave nature of matter: Electron microscopes." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m39574/latest/CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m39574/latest/ Wikipedia. "CCD." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCDCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCD Wikipedia. "de Broglie wavelength." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/de%20Broglie%20wavelengthCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/de%20Broglie%20wavelength Wikipedia. "Laser." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser#UsesCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser#Uses Wikipedia. "stimulated emission." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stimulated%20emissionCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stimulated%20emission Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Atomic Physics and Introduction to Quantum Physics