1. By Mrs. Arguello English I

2.  Fable: A short tale that has animal characters with human qualities that teaches readers a moral or lesson.  Characters in Animal Farm are animals each with his/her own personality and human characteristics.  The animals think, meet, talk, act, fight, disobey, and obey.

3. Satire: the writer tries to make the reader have a negative opinion about someone or something by making them seem ridiculous or foolish Animal Farm exposes and ridicules Communism in Russia after the Russian Revolution.

4.  A story with two meanings:  Literal meaning: characters, events, and concepts are presented as they are in the story  Figurative meaning: characters, events, and concepts symbolize something beyond the story itself Literal MeaningFigurative Meaning Animal FarmRussia from 1917- 1943 AnimalsVarious figures from time period AnimalismCommunism

5.  You each have three colored pencils.  A few of you have more.  The colored pencils represent food or money. The more you have, the better off you are.  Play rock, paper, scissors for three minutes. The winner of each round gets a marker or colored pencil.  The person with the most colored pencils or markers at the end of three minutes wins the competition.

7.  Capitalism is the basic economic system of the United States.  Free market with competition  People buy and sell goods as they choose at the prices the market will bear.

8. Now, give back all of your colored pencils. You have given up everything that you have to the government. What are the government’s options?

9.  What if the government provided the colored pencils for you to use as you need?  “From each, according to his ability, to each according to his need.”  Need more? Take more  Need less? Take less  Everyone owns everything together, and you take what you need.  No rich, middle class, or poor

10.  An economic and government system in which all means of production and distribution are owned by the community in common. The ultimate goal is that there would be no government and all of humanity would live peacefully together.

11. Nicholas II 1868-1918 - Last Czar of Russia. Opposed to progress, poor working conditions, great wealth in the hands of a few, did not help poor He was overthrown during the Russian Revolution of 1917 and was executed along with his family.

12. Karl Marx  1818-1883 - Often recognized as the father of communism. Analysis of history led to his belief that communism would replace capitalism. Believed in a classless society. Communist Manifesto  A book written by Karl Marx. It suggested that there would be a social revolution in which the working class would overthrow the middle class factory owners and then set up a classless, socialist community. This book was the blueprint for communist governments around the world.  All men were born free, but society had got to such a state that the majority were in chains. “Religion is the opium of the masses.”

13. Vladimir Lenin  1870-1924 - Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the Soviet Union.  “Vanguard Party” leader: was supposed to lead the revolution, set up democracy led by working class, then turn over power to the working class.

14. Leon Trotsky  A Bolshevik leader with Lenin  Pure Communist, followed Marx  Wanted to improve life for everyone in Russia  Chased away by Lenin’s KGB (secret police)

15. Josef Stalin  Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924.  Dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953.  He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition  Mass public executions of opposition

16. Propaganda: a form of communication that is designed or crafted purposely to influence the public’s attitudes toward some cause, position, or another group of people. Propaganda usually present only one side of an issue or argument.