1. Vietnam

2. Moving Toward Conflict French rule in Vietnam –France ruled most of Indo China –1940- Japanese took control of Vietnam –Indo Chinese Party led by Ho Chi Minh came back to Vietnam Formed Vietminh Goal: free Vietnam from foreign rule Run off the French- U.S. supports France to stop the threat of Communism Vietminh drive the French out- 1954 1. What is the name of the Vietminh leader whose goal it was to free Vietnam from foreign rule

3. Geneva Accords France, Great Britain, Soviet Union, US, China, Laos Result: Divided Vietnam at 17 th Parallel –North Vietnam- Communist –South Vietnam- Anti-Communist –Must hold national election in 1956 2. What were the provisions of the Geneva Accords?

4. The United States Steps In Ngo Dinh Diem (South) cancels the 1956 national election- afraid Ho Chi Minh (North) might win Diem allowed corrupt government –Restricted Buddhist practices 3. Why did Ngo Dinh Diem cancel the 1956 election?

5. VIETCONG 1957- Communist groups form in the South- Vietcong Ho Chi Minh sent supplies to the Vietcong through the Ho Chi Minh Trail By 1963- 16,000 U.S. troops were in South Vietnam Nov. 1, 1963- U.S. supported military coup toppled Diem’s regime- assassinated 4. What was the name of the communist group that formed in the South? 5. What happened to Ngo Dinh Diem?

6. President Johnson Expands the Conflict Each regime in South Vietnam was more unstable than the next –Became pure chaos –The Vietcong’s strength grew 6. Why did the Vietcong’s strength grow?

8. Gulf of Tonkin-Aug. 2,1964 North Viet. Patrol boat torpedoed a US destroyer in the Gulf and the U.S. fired back

9. Tonkin Gulf Resolution President Johnson wanted power to “take all necessary measures to repel any attack against the United States Congress grants Johnson broad military powers in Vietnam 7. How was Johnson able to send troops to Vietnam without declaring war?

10. US Involvement and Escalation Troop buildup accelerates –End of 1965- 180,000 US Troops in Vietnam –Gen. Westmoreland requested additional troops –By 1967- 500,000 US troops 8. Who was in charge of troops in Vietnam?

11. Fighting Tactics Jungle Warfare –Vietcong used “hit and run” ambush attacks due to lack of high powered weaponry –US attacks in cities and country sides –Difficult to discern friend from foe –Vietcong developed an elaborate tunnel system –Terrain laced with booby traps –1967- over 3 million Vietnamese refugees in South Vietnam 9. What kind of attacks were the Vietcong known for?

12. Sinking Morale Many soldiers required by law to fight but didn’t support the war Turned to alcohol, marijuana, and drugs A few murdered their superior officers Instability of South Vietnam government- civil war within a civil war U.S. confused and angry 10. What caused soldier morale to decrease?

13. The Living Room War TV images shown on the news contradicted the government’s optimistic war scenario Johnson was losing credibility 11. How was the Vietnam War different than any other war?

14. Activism SDS-Students for a Democratic Society FSM-Free Speech Movement Spoke out across the country with protests, marched, & rallies (“Hell no, we wont go”)

15. Protestor

16. Draft Rally

17. 1968 Tet Offensive It was their new year-Jan. 30 th and there was a truce for no attacks They were having funerals for their losses but the coffins were full of weapons. They attacked 100 towns and12 U.S. air bases It lasted a month-US minds are changed 12. What was the Tet Offensive?

18. Saigon during the Tet Offensive

19. 1968-Elections Robert Kennedy & Eugene McCarthy-Democratic June 5-Kennedy is assassinated while giving a victory speech in LA by Sirhan Sirhan from Palestine So then Hubert Humphrey is Democratic nominee 13. What happened to Robert Kennedy?

20. War protestors wanted to make the Democrats Look bad, so they started riots in Chicago and showed disorder and chaos It worked & Nixon becomes President 1 st thing he does is announce troops will withdraw from Vietnam 14. What did Nixon announce when he became president?

21. Nixon turns to Henry Kissinger for advice & he suggests Vietmanization- slow withdraw Over the next 3 years 500,000 became less than 25,000 there Wanted ‘peace with honor’ 15. What is Vietnamization?

22. My Lai Massacre-US troops killed over 200 innocent civilians 1970-invaded Cambodia to stop supply line Protests begin-1.5 million across 1,200 campuses

23. Carrying the Wounded

24. Final Push U.S. dropped 100,000 bombs on North Vietnam in 11 days stopping on Christmas Day Both sides were ready to sign a peace agreement January 27, 1973 signed peace agreement March 29, 1973-last troops came home North Vietnamese break treaty and invade South Vietnam, U.S. refuses to help All of Vietnam becomes communist Communists imprison 400,000 South vietnamese 1.5 Million people flee Vietnam.

25. Disagreement Meaning of the war?-morally wrong or moral cause Why was the US there-not our war or job to police the world Domino theory disproved b/c communism didn’t spread

26. Memorial-1982 Wall in Washington with the names of the 58,000 dead carved on its surface 303,000 injured not on the wall 15% had post-traumatic stress syndrome

28. Changes Stopped the draft War Powers Act-had to give 48 hours notice before sending troops & cant stay more than 90 days w/out approval