1. Martin Luther The Reformation

3. How to achieve Salvation (according to the Catholic Church) Follow church sacraments Pray to god Do works of Charity and kindness

4. 4 Martin Luther Young Martin Luther Old Martin Luther

5. 5 16 th Century Europe: The Reformation Europe in 1560

6. 6 The Selling of Indulgences 1530 Depiction of Selling Indulgences

7. 7 Luther’s Ideas Collection of Martin Luther’s Writings, 1581

8. 8 Luther’s Different Accounts Young Martin Luther Old Martin Luther

9. Why did Martin Luther challenge the Catholic Church? Central Historical Question

10. 10 Martin Luther’s Position Faith in God is the only way to salvation People should be reading the Bible and developing a personal relationship with god. The Roman Catholic Church and its clergy are not better than the church community or individuals Peoples relationship with god was personal and the church was not necessary German princes should limit the power of the Church and push for reform.

11. 11 The Response of the Church Luther was excommunicated (kicked out of) the Church Luther hid from the Church in Germany and worked on translating the Bible into German By 1529 – the word Protestant appeared and soon referred to all non-Catholic Christians in the west.

12. 12 Luther’s Impact Schools opened that taught Bible reading in local languages. People became more literate Church leaders lost special powers and were allowed to marry. Politically Secular power became more important Local authority in the North of Europe developed leading to struggles between N. Europe and Rome, local princes and the Church, and local and central powers. What is going to happen for the next 100 years? Hint it is not going to be good.