1. What defines a living thing?
THE SCOPE OF BIOLOGY CH 1
What defines a living thing?

2. I. The Characteristics of Life
There are 8 characteristics shared by living things

3. A. Universal Genetic code
All organisms store the info to grow, live, and reproduce in DNA
DNA is passed down to offspring during reproduction

4. B. Cellular basis of life
Cell is basic unit of life
All living things are made of cells

5. Levels of organization:
cell→tissue→organ→organ system→organism
Tissue: a group of cells working together to perform a function
Organ: a group of tissues working together to perform a function
Organ system: a group of organs working together to perform a function

6. C. Grow and Develop
All living things have a pattern of growth and development
In some organisms, cells differentiate to perform particular functions

7. D. Reproduction and inheritance
All living things reproduce and pass traits on to offspring
Asexual reproduction: offspring are identical to parent.
Sexual reproduction: offspring are genetically different from parents

8. E. Respond with environment
All living things detect stimuli and respond to them

9. F. Obtain and use energy All organisms obtain and use energy
2 ways to obtain energy
Producers (autotrophs) :
consumers(heterotrophs):
What do organisms do with obtained energy (food): use it in cellular respiration to get energy that the cell can use

10. G. Homeostasis
Homeostasis: ability to maintain steady internal conditions
All organisms strive to maintain homeostasis

11. H. Evolution
populations of living organisms have the capacity to adapt to their environment and evolve

12. II. Levels of Biology A. Biosphere
All parts of the earth inhabited by living things
The sum of all Earths ecosystems

13. B. Ecosystem
All of the living and nonliving things in a particular area
Biotic factors: the living parts of an ecosystem
Abiotic factors: the nonliving parts of an ecosystem

14. C. Organisms
An individual living thing

15. D. Cells: basic unit of life

16. E. Genes and DNA:
Hereditary information