1. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

2. Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood Chapter Eight

3. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. I.Aspects of Physical Development A.Growth B.Nutrition and Dentition 1.Malnutrition 2.Obesity 3.Tooth Development and Dental Care C.Motor Development and Physical Play

4. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. II.Health, Fitness, and Safety A.Exercise: Maintaining Health and Fitness 1.Competitive Sports 2.Children’s Understanding of Health and Illness

5. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.Acute and Chronic Medical Conditions 2.Vision and Hearing Problems 3.Asthma 4.HIV and AIDS B.Medical Problems

6. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.Increase in Frequency C.Accidental Injuries 2.Common Causes of Serious Injury and Death

7. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. III.The Concrete Operational Child A.Advances in Cognitive Abilities 1.Conservation 2.Classification 3.Seriation and Transitive Inference 4.Numbers and Mathematics 5.Distinguishing Between Fantasy and Reality

8. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.Morality of Constraint 2.Morality of Cooperation B.Moral Reasoning

9. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. IV.Aspects of Cognitive Development A.Memory 1.How Memory Works 2.Metamemory: Understanding Memory 3.Mnemonics: Strategies for Remembering 4.External Aids 5.Rehearsal 6.Organization 7.Elaboration

10. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. B.Intelligence 1.Aptitude and Achievement Tests 2.Group and Individual Tests a.Otis-Lennon School Ability Test b.Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC - III) c.Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC)

11. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 3.Pros and Cons of Intelligence Testing a.Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences b.Problems Assessing Aptitude 4.Ethnic and Cultural Differences a.Genetic Differences b.Environmental Differences

12. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. c.How Can Children of Asian Extraction Achieve So Much? d.Role of Language 5.Cross-Cultural Testing

13. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. C.Language 1.Vocabulary, Grammar, and Syntax 2.Pragmatics: Knowledge About Communication 3.Literacy and Social Interaction 4.Second-Language Education

14. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. A.The Child B.The Parents C.The Teacher D.The Educational System V.Influences on School Achievement E.Enhancing Thinking Skills and Creativity F.The Culture

15. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. VI.Children with Special Educational Needs and Strengths A.Children with Learning Problems 1.Mental Retardation 2.Hyperactivity and Attention Deficits 3.Learning Disabilities 4.Educating Children with Disabilities

16. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.Lives of Gifted Children B.Gifted, Creative, and Talented Children 2.Defining, Measuring, and Fostering Creativity 3.Educating Gifted, Creative, and Talented Children