1. Capital city Brasilia Language Portuguese Population approx. 187 million (62% under age of 29) Climate mostly tropical, but temperate in south (average temperature 22-27°C) Religion Roman Catholicism Government Federative Republic Economy largest in South America, 7 th largest in the world http://www.brazil.org.uk/, http://www.suapesquisa.com/clima

2. Adapted from Hofstede & Hofstede (2005) from Luthans & Don (2009)

3.  GERMANY  Polychromic culture  When invited for dinner arrive on time  Written communication is favoured  Honest, rational, say what they think (literal and direct culture)  Doing culture  BRAZIL  Relaxed and flexible approach to time  Arrival at dinner should be at least 30 min later  Face to face communication preferred  Small lies told to avoid confrontation, not to hurt anyone`s feelings (coded and diplomatic culture)  Being culture http://www.worldbusinessculture.co m, http://www.kwintessential.co.uk

4.  GERMANY (65%)  Belief in experts and their knowledge  Technical skills and strong and clear leadership required  Methodical approach with clear indentified goals  Considerable amount of preparation and in depth planning (meetings, schedule, etc to avoid ambiguity)  Lots of rules and regulations  BRAZIL (76%)  Highly structured  “Custo Brazil” – real cost of business (legal & bureaucratic complications, etc)  Law, rules, regulations and religion used to avoid uncertainty http://www.worldbusinessculture.com, Hofstede, G, (2002) "Difference and danger: cultural profiles of nations and limits to tolerance" from Albrecht, M,

5.  GERMANY (38%)  Decentralized and flatter organizational structure (functional structure)  Equal qualifications  Exercise of power is more flexible  Strong respect for authority (formal relationships, even in public)  BRAZIL (69%)  Very hierarchical, decisions made at most senior levels  Clear instructions are necessary if task to be performed fully  Lot of internal politics  Understanding of the corporate power structure is important  Relationships and personality come before business http:// www.worldbusinessculture.com

6.  GERMANY (67%)  Competence over seniority  Free market economy encourages individualistic tendencies  Status and position is based on individual achievements  Business and family life is separate  BRAZIL (38%)  Seniority over competence  Publicly own companies encourage collective culture  Loyalty and trust over individual needs (relationships orientated)  Importance of family (also evident in business culture) Adapted from Malinak (2007) from http://www.communicaid.acom, http://www.worlbusinessculture.c om

7.  GERMANY (68%)  Professional goals are more important than personal  Assertive, tough, competitive and focused on material success  Work balance is of low importance  Gender quality  Emotion is seen as weakness  BRAZIL 38%)  More caring for others, less self centered  More emphasis on work balance (quality of life)  Traditional values (dominance of men in workplace, although business women are treated fairly)  Very tactile and emotive culture http://www.kwintessential.co.u k

8.  DO`S  time spent on building relationships is never wasted  Pay attention to your appearance  Do your homework (“custo brazil)  Use local legal expertise  Manage  Learn language  Make sure you deal with decision maker  Be yourself, be honest  DON`TS  Show feeling of frustration or impatience  Publicly criticize your Brazilian counterparts  Worry if agendas at meetings are not followed  Change your negotiating team  Rely on emails to give information  Be detached  Avoid the use of humor in business situations  Speak Spanish Adapted from Malinak (2007) from http://www.communicaid.com, http://www.worlbusinessculture.co m

9.  Adler, N., 2002. “How do cultural differences affect organisations? “ from Alder, N., International dimensions of organizational behaviour, Thomson South Western, pp 45- 72. Available from: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/bournemouth [Accessed March 2011].http://site.ebrary.com/lib/bournemouth  ITIM International. 2009. Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions. Available from: http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_germany.shtml [Accessed March 2011]. http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_germany.shtml  Kwintessential. Brazilian society & culture. Available from: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk [Accessed April 2011]  Sua pesqusa. 2008. Clima do Brasil. Available from: http://www.suapesquisa.com/clima [Accessed April 2011]  Cole, T., 2011. German Blue Chips agree compromise on gender quotas. Mail on Sunday Financial Mail Women’s Forum. 5 April. Available from: http://www.fmwf.com/media-type/news/2011/04/german-blue-chips-agree- compromise-on-gender-quotas/ [Accessed 18.4.11].  Emassy of Brazil in London. 2011. Economy and Trade. Available from: http://www.brazil.org.uk/ [Accessed March 2011]  Hofstede, G. 1991. Cultures and organisations: Software of the mind. London : McGraw Hill.  Hofstede, G, (2002) "Difference and danger: cultural profiles of nations and limits to tolerance" from Albrecht, M, International HRM : managing diversity in the workplace pp.9-23, 658.3008/ALB: Blackwell Publishers

10.  Luthans, F., and Doh, J, P., 2009. International Management – culture, strategy, and behaviour. 7 th ed. New York : McGraw Hill  ITIM International. 2009. Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions. Available from: http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_germany.shtml [Accessed March 2011]. http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_germany.shtml  Kwintessential. Brazilian society & culture. Available from: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk [Accessed April 2011]  Malinak, C., 2007. M A. Intercultural Communication. CIA World Factbook. Available from: http://www.communicaid.com [Accessed April 2011]  Worldbusinessculture. Doing business in Germany. Available from: http://www.worldbusinessculture.com/Business-in-Brazil.html [Accessed March 2011]. http://www.worldbusinessculture.com/Business-in-Brazil.html  Worldbusinessculture. Doing business in Germany. Available from: http://www.worldbusinessculture.com/Business-in-Germany.html [Accessed March 2011]. http://www.worldbusinessculture.com/Business-in-Germany.html