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Published byGavin Cook Modified over 9 years ago
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Genetics Chapter 3
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Mendel is considered the “father” of modern genetics.
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Traits are physical characteristics. Factors that control traits are called genes.
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The different forms of a gene are called alleles. Each allele is represented by a letter in the genotype. Bb BB bb
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An organism’s genotype is its genetic makeup. Genotype is shown with two letters. Rr HH tt Bb GG yy Ss
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Alleles can be dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles are always written with a capital letter. Recessive alleles are always written with a lowercase letter. Rr HH tt Bb GG yy Ss
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An organism’s phenotype is its physical appearance. Once you know which allele is dominant and which is recessive, you can figure out which trait will “show.” CC cc
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If both alleles are the same, the organism is homozygous, or purebred, for that trait. RR HH tt bb GG yy ss
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If the two alleles are different, the organism is heterozygous, or hybrid, for that trait. Rr Hh Tt Bb Gg Yy Ss
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