1. Traditional Sources of Energy
Eric Angat
Teacher

2. How do humans being acquire and utilize sources of energy?
Essential Question
How do humans being acquire and utilize sources of energy?

3. Wood Peat Coal 1. What are traditional fuel?
tree
Wood Peat Coal
Buried under sedimentary rocks with intense pressure by weight.
Moss
How Coal Is Formed
Coal is called a fossil fuel because it was formed from the remains of vegetation that grew as long as 400 million years ago. It is often referred to as "buried sunshine," because the plants which formed coal captured energy from the sun through photosynthesis to create the compounds that make up plant tissues. The most important element in the plant material is carbon, which gives coal most of its energy.
Most of our coal was formed about 300 million years ago, when much of the earth was covered by steamy swamps. As plants and trees died, their remains sank to the bottom of the swampy areas, accumulating layer upon layer and eventually forming a soggy, dense material called peat.
Over long periods of time, the makeup of the earth's surface changed, and seas and great rivers caused deposits of sand, clay and other mineral matter to accumulate, burying the peat. Sandstone and other sedimentary rocks were formed, and the pressure caused by their weight squeezed water from the peat. Increasingly deeper burial and the heat associated with it gradually changed the material to coal. Scientists estimate that from 3 to 7 feet of compacted plant matter was required to form 1 foot of bituminous coal.
Coal formation is a continuing process (some of our newest coal is a mere 1 million years old). Today, in areas such as the Great Dismal Swamp of North Carolina and Virginia, the Okefenokee Swamp of Georgia, and the Everglades in Florida, plant life decays and subsides, eventually to be covered by silts and sands and other matter. Perhaps millions of years from now, those areas will contain large coal beds.
[ ENTRANCE ] [ CONTENTS ] [ PREVIOUS ] [
Formed 300 mya

4. Wood Peat Coal 2.How is coal formed?
tree
Wood Peat Coal
Buried under sedimentary rocks with intense pressure by weight.
Moss
How Coal Is Formed
Coal is called a fossil fuel because it was formed from the remains of vegetation that grew as long as 400 million years ago. It is often referred to as "buried sunshine," because the plants which formed coal captured energy from the sun through photosynthesis to create the compounds that make up plant tissues. The most important element in the plant material is carbon, which gives coal most of its energy.
Most of our coal was formed about 300 million years ago, when much of the earth was covered by steamy swamps. As plants and trees died, their remains sank to the bottom of the swampy areas, accumulating layer upon layer and eventually forming a soggy, dense material called peat.
Over long periods of time, the makeup of the earth's surface changed, and seas and great rivers caused deposits of sand, clay and other mineral matter to accumulate, burying the peat. Sandstone and other sedimentary rocks were formed, and the pressure caused by their weight squeezed water from the peat. Increasingly deeper burial and the heat associated with it gradually changed the material to coal. Scientists estimate that from 3 to 7 feet of compacted plant matter was required to form 1 foot of bituminous coal.
Coal formation is a continuing process (some of our newest coal is a mere 1 million years old). Today, in areas such as the Great Dismal Swamp of North Carolina and Virginia, the Okefenokee Swamp of Georgia, and the Everglades in Florida, plant life decays and subsides, eventually to be covered by silts and sands and other matter. Perhaps millions of years from now, those areas will contain large coal beds.
[ ENTRANCE ] [ CONTENTS ] [ PREVIOUS ] [
Formed 300 mya

5. Wood
Wood is the primary source of energy in rural areas. This source of energy is from trees thus it is renewable. They burn this source of energy to cook and produce heat.

6. 3. How is Peat formed?
Peat forms when plants in marshy areas is not totally carbonized.
Peat has the potential to become coal.

7. Sphagnum Moss
Most peat is from Sphagnum moss.

8. Peat Cutter

9. Burning Peat

10. 4. What is Coal?
non renewable source of energy
Coal forms from the accumulation and preservation of plant materials, usually in a swamp environment.
This what they mined in the movie “October Sky”.

11. Coal Coal Mine in the movie “October Sky”
Coal Mine in the movie “October Sky”

13. Alternative Non-Renewable Energy
5. What are the two types of
nuclear energy?
Alternative Non-Renewable Energy
Fusion
Fission

14. 6. What is Nuclear Fusion?
Nuclear fusion is an atomic reaction that fuels stars. In fusion, Hydrogen nuclei combine together to make Helium and produce Energy.
Nuclear fusion in the CORE of the Sun provide us Solar Energy!
Solar Energy is Renewable energy.

15. Sunlight is used as energy for photosynthesis
Oxygen
CO2
Food
Water

16. 7. What is Nuclear Fission?
Fission is the splitting of a large atom like Uranium into two or more smaller ones and produce ENERGY.
Fission reaction does not normally occur in nature. It is Non-Renewable

17. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas
Nuclear power vs. Coal power
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas
Water vapor
Coal-fuel of coal plant
Uranium-fuel of nuclear power plant
Radiation danger

18. Nuclear Fusion Nuclear Fission
Worldwide nuclear power plants near earthquake zones.
Fuel: Uranium
Powers the stars and nuclear bombs.
Fuel: Hydrogen
Nuclear Bomb tested 450 x or more stronger than the atomic bomb.
Atomic Bomb dropped in Horoshima and Nagasaki, Japan

19. Fossil fuels are Non renewable
8. Give examples of fossil fuels.
Natural gas (cleanest)
Oil or Petroleum
Coal
Fossil fuels are Non renewable

20. 9. What is Natural Gas?
Natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel, producing primarily carbon dioxide, water vapor and small amounts of nitrogen oxides. Natural gas is used extensively in residential for cooking and heating.

21. Natural Gas
The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) rules and regulations regarding the odorizing of natural gas.
For your protection, Gas companies  add an odorant called MERCAPTAN to give natural gas a distinctive odor so leaks can be more readily detected.
MERCAPTAN IS SULFUR BASED.

22. 10. What is Oil or Petroleum?
Oil is a non renewable source of energy made from the remains of ancient plants and animals, compressed deep in the earth. It is usually found in layers of sedimentary rocks.

23. 11. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using alternative renewable energy?
Nuclear power is alternative source of energy but it is non-renewable.

24. Dependent on nature. Not always available.
Alternative Energy creates less Pollution compared to fossil fuel.
Alternative Energy
Dependent on nature.
Not always available.
Fossil Fuel
But fossil fuels are MORE convenient to use.

25. 12. Of the following, which energy source produces the least amount of solid waste?
coal
natural gas
oil
peat

26. 13. Why do green plants require solar energy?
A. to produce their own food
B. to absorb nitrogen into their
roots
C. to release carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere
D. to decompose the dead or
decaying remains of animals

27. 14. Which describes the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fission is the process that produces the radiant energy of stars, and nuclear fusion splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei.
B. Nuclear fission splits a heavier nucleus into smaller
nuclei, and nuclear fusion is the process that produces
the radiant energy of stars.
C. Nuclear fission produces the energy in the core of
Earth, and nuclear fusion produces energy in nuclear
power plants.
D. Nuclear fission produces energy in nuclear power
plants, and nuclear fusion produces the energy in the
core of Earth.

28. 15. A company has several factories around the world and has decided to transition
from burning fossil fuels to using alternative energy resources. How could a decrease in burning fossil fuels impact the atmosphere?
It could decrease the oxygen levels of the
atmosphere.
It could increase the nitrogen levels of the
It could decrease the carbon dioxide levels of
the atmosphere.
It could increase the sulfur dioxide levels of the

29. 16. Which is an advantage of safely using uranium as an energy source rather than using coal?
Uranium produces energy without polluting the atmosphere, while burning coal can increase the CO2 in the atmosphere.
Uranium reduces the amount of thermal pollution, while burning coal can increase the amount of thermal pollution.
Uranium is the most cost-efficient energy resource, while coal is the most expensive energy resource.
Uranium can be easily mined from deep within Earth,
while coal is a hard resource to mine from deep within
Earth.

30. nuclear fission ( 2x) wood peat coal oil nuclear fusion solar energy
For 17-24: Use the following sources of energy as choices to complete the following ideas.
 nuclear fission ( 2x)
wood
peat
coal
oil
nuclear fusion
solar energy
Natural gas

31. Coal
17. ______ is a non renewable source of energy that forms from the accumulation and preservation of plant materials, usually in a swamp environment. This what they mined in the movie “October Sky”.

32. Oil
18. ________ is a non renewable source of energy made from the remains of ancient plants and animals, compressed deep in the earth. It is usually found in layers of sedimentary rocks.

33. Natural gas
19. ___________________ gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel, producing primarily carbon dioxide, water vapor and small amounts of nitrogen oxides. Other fossil fuels are coal and oil.
It is used extensively in residential for cooking and heating.

34. Nuclear fission
20. ____________________ is the splitting of an atom's nucleus creating two products of roughly half the mass of the original. This type of power generation, is used in both nuclear weapons and nuclear power plants.

35. Wood
21. ___________ is the primary source of energy in rural areas. This source of energy is from trees thus it is renewable. They burn this source of energy to cook and produce heat.

36. Peat
22. ______________________ is vegetable matter which has been partially carbonized due to the way in which it decomposes. Over time, these have the potential to evolve into coal.

37. Nuclear fusion
23. ________________ is the joining of Hydrogen nuclei to create Helium and great amount of energy. This nuclear process is the one that powers the stars.

38. Solar energy
24. _________________ is energy from the Sun. It is a renewable type of energy.

39. Nuclear fission
25. _______________ is an alternative source of energy but a non-renewable resource.