1. Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source Felix Dietrich (DESY, TH-Wildau),Sabine Riemann(DESY), Andriy Ushakov(U- Hamburg), Peter Sievers(CERN) Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source Daresbury Laboratory, 02.09.15

2. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 2 Outline > Used models  engineering sketch > General set up of the Simulation > Results  nominal Lumi Set up of the Simulation Results  Lumi Upgrade Set up of the Simulation Results  Average heating Set up of the Simulation Results > Summary Outline

3. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 3 Used models > Based on a proposal of Dr. Peter Sievers (CERN) > 2 Models in use > Different sizes of the Ti Target > cool areas size is: cool bodies (Fe - assumed) inner titan ring (Ti) neglected in the simulation Ti Target Cu radiator

4. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 4 > Model 1  target height r=50 mm > Model 2  target height r=40 mm (bigger Cu radiator, Cooler and inner titan ring to maintain same target Radius) Models – engineering sketch Model 1Model 2

5. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 5 General set up of all simulations > ANSYS Transient Thermal Simulation > E=250 GeV > only a slice of the wheel with an angle of 8.724° is analyzed (corresponding to pulse length) > Ti is heated with External FLUKA input (created by Dr. Andriy Ushakov) > Ti  Cu heat contact is program controlled > Every fin and the top of the Ti target radiate > ~2.8 m 2 radiation surface > The emissivity of all surfaces are assumed 0.7 (errors are taken into account) > Surface to surface radiation tool is used > no radiation into environment > innermost side of all cooling body is set to 22°C (Cooling) > Auto time stepping on

6. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 6 Setup of the Simulation – nominal Lumi > the Input file for Model 1 and 2 is multiplied by 1.71 (  T=150K) > Simulation time 903s (129 pulses) > Pulse length 727 µs (nominal Lumi) > every 7s one pulse hits the same area (simulated spot) Model 1 (50 mm) Model 2 (40 mm)

7. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 7 Results – max. temperature – nominal Lumi > Max temperature at any point at a specific time Model 1 (target height 50mm) Model 2 (target height 40mm)

8. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 8 Result – Path Model 1 – nominal Lumi > Temperature in the Target along 6 path > For Model 1 (target height 50mm) > Time 895,58s (after 128 th pulse short before 129 th pulse) > index r  same path but one the side of the target (4.362°) vertical Temperature distributionhorizontal Temperature distribution Ti Cu

9. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 9 Result – Path Model 2 – nominal Lumi > Temperature in the Target along 6 path > For Model 2 (target height 40mm) > Time 895,58s (after 128 th pulse short before 129 th pulse) > index r  same path but one the side of the target (4.362°) vertical Temperature distributionhorizontal Temperature distribution Ti Cu

10. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 10 Results – 3D Plot all – nominal Lumi > Temperature distribution in the whole target after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 413.49 °C – 22°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 306.6 °C – 22°C

11. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 11 Results – 3D Cu radiator – nominal Lumi > Temperature distribution in the Cu-radiator after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 76.38 °C – 41.665°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 71.345 °C – 38.235°C

12. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 12 Results – 3D Cooler – nominal Lumi > Temperature distribution in the Cooler after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 24.066 °C – 22°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 24.573 °C – 22°C

13. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 13 Setup of the Simulation – Lumi Upgrade > the Input file for Model 1 and 2 is multiplied by 1.5 (  T=195K) > Simulation time 903s (129 Pulses) > Pulse length 960.8 µs > every 7s one pulse hits the same area (simulated spot) Model 1 (50 mm) Model 2 (40 mm)

14. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 14 Results – max. temperature – Lumi upgrade > Max Temperature at any point at a specific time

15. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 15 Result – Path Model 1 – Lumi upgrade > Temperature in the Target along 6 path > For Model 1 (target height 50mm) > Time 895,58s (after 128 th pulse short before 129 th pulse) > index r  same path but one the side of the target (4.362°) vertical Temperature distributionhorizontal Temperature distribution Ti Cu

16. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 16 Results – Path Model 2 – Lumi upgrade > Results a long 6 path in the Target showing temperature > For Model 2 (target height 40mm) > Time 895,58s (after 128 th pulse short before 129 th pulse) > index r  same path but one the side of the target (4.362°) vertical Temperature distributionhorizontal Temperature distribution Ti Cu

17. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 17 Results – 3D Plot all – Lumi upgrade > Temperature distribution in the Cu body after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 496.27 °C – 22°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 347.19 °C – 22°C

18. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 18 Results – 3D Cu radiator – Lumi upgrade > Temperature distribution in the Cu radiator after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 78.58 °C – 48.693°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 85.358 °C – 44.752°C

19. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 19 Results – Lumi Upgrade 3D Cooler > Temperature distribution in the Cooler after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 24.453 °C – 22°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 25.058 °C – 22°C

20. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 20 Set up of the Simulation – Average heating > Auto time stepping on (boarders are 1s up to 200s) > Factor for 1 and 2 is 2.2936e-4 > Simulation time 90300s Model 1 (50 mm) Model 2 (40 mm)

21. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 21 Result – Average heating – max. temperature in equilibrium > Black line  Model 1 (Target height 50mm) > Red line  Model 2 (Target height 40mm)

22. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 22 Summary > Simulation shows it is possible to cool the target by radiation > The max. temperature for Model 1 is 690°C > The max. temperature for Model 2 is 560°C > Smaller target means lower temperature  shorter heat conduction length > Design has to be optimized to keep the target temperature below 500°C > Increase cooling surface (more fins) > The construction of the components (target, cooler) has to be studied > The effects of the design on the temperature has to be studied as well as engineering aspects

23. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 23 > Thank your for your attention

24. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 24 Results – Path Model 1 – Average heating > Temperature in the Target along 6 path > For Model 1 (target height 50mm) > Time 90300s > index r  same path but one the side of the target (4.362°) vertical Temperature distributionhorizontal Temperature distribution Ti Cu

25. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 25 Results – Path Model 2 – Average heating > Temperature in the Target along 6 path > For Model 2 (target height 40mm) > Time 90300s > index r  same path but one the side of the target (4.362°) vertical Temperature distributionhorizontal Temperature distribution Ti Cu

26. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 26 > Temperature distribution in the target after 903s Results – 3D plots– Average heating Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 496.27 °C – 22°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 570,36 °C – 22°C

27. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 27 > Temperature distribution in the Cu radiator after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 270 °C – 241.67°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 281.11 °C – 258.75°C Results – 3D plots– Average heating

28. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 28 > Temperature distribution in the Cooler after 903s > Red arrow marks the direction of the beam Results – 3D plots– Average heating Model 1 (Target 50mm) temperature range 92.613 °C – 22°C Model 2 (Target 40mm) temperature range 95.541 °C – 22°C

29. Felix Dietrich| Heat load of the radiation cooled Ti target of the undulator based e+ source | 02.09.15 | Page 29