1.  Prof. A. M. Vollmar  PD Dr. V. M. Dirsch  Thomas Roos  Nancy Lopez WP 5: Cardiovascular diseases 5.1: The Interaction of garlic with mediators of inflammation

2. Deliverables 1. Publication on the influence of garlic on the expression of adhesion molecules and its relevance to the atherosclerotic process 2. Publication on the influence of garlic on cytokines, NF-  B, and TGF-  1 as important factors influencing the cellular mechanisms of atherosclerosis

3. Eur J Nutr., in press

4. J. Nutr., 2003

5. Additional targets  VSMC proliferation in atherosclerosis  Effect of garlic constituents on VSMC proliferation

6. The blood vessel Endothelium Intima Smooth muscle cells Connective tissue Media Adventitia Robbins pathologic basis of disease 1999 Physiological function:vasoconstriction vasorelaxation

7. Vascular smooth muscle cells and their response to injury Robbins pathologic basis of disease 1999 Endothelium Migration of smooth muscle cells to the intima Smooth muscle cell mitosis Elaboration of extracellular matrix Intima Media

8. Robbins pathologic basis of disease 1999 C: core of lipid; F: fibrous cap; L: llumen, moderately narrowed

9. + Serum Primary rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) ? garlic VSMC proliferation Rat

10. 250000 500000 750000 Number of cells serum 10% - + + + + 2550100 DADS (µM) n.s. Cell proliferation - DADS

11. Events DNA content Quiescent cells CS-activated cells 25 µM DADS + CS50 µM DADS + CS 100 µM DADS + CS 100 µM RV + CS Cell cycle analysis

12. Outlook Human intervention study