1. Ch 7: Microbial Genetics

2. Nucleotide (2.27)

3. (2.25)

4. (2.26)

5. antiparallel Base-pairs

6. Theory Idea

7. Prokaryotic chromosome(s)

8. Eukaryotic chromosomes - condensation

9. gene or group of genes Bacterial chromosome map

10. DNA replication

11. 3’

12. DNA replication 5’

13. Replication of a prokaryotic chromosome Replication of a eukaryotic chromosome

14. Where the energy comes from

15. genotype phenotype Serratia at 25 & 37 o C

16. Transcription 3 kinds of RNA

18. 5’ 3’ 5’ 3’

19. 5’ terminator

20. Eukaryotic transcription mRNA modification Cap Tail Edit

21. Translation: Universal Genetic Code 4 1 4 2 4 3

22. 5’ 3’ ribosomes large small

23. Flattened (2D) view more 3D view Where amino acid binds Where it binds to mRNA tRNAs

24. Translation: initiation Peptidyl Amino-acyl exit

25. Translation: elongation

26. Translation: termination

27. Translation differences

28. Control of gene expression Prokaryotic genes

29. lac operon: makes enzymes for lactose catabolism inducible more usual more unusual

30. trp operon: makes enzymes for tryptophan synthesis repressible more usual more unusual

31. Mutations: point 5’3’

32. Nitrous acid Mutagens

35. Non-ionizing radiation

36. 4 kinds of DNA repair

37. Positive selection rare see more

38. replica plating Negative selection

39. Ames Test for mutagens (or a little)

40. Vertical transfer = between generations {from parent(s) to offspring} Horizontal transfer = between contemporaries (sometimes different species) Usual genetic recombination mechanisms in eukaryotes sex crossing-over during meiosis

41. Transformation: DNA from the environment

42. Transduction

43. Bacterial conjugation

44. Producing an Hfr cell

45. Transposons aka. “jumping genes” McClintock (NP 1983)

46. Ultimate source of Human Genetic information: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) (at the National Library of medicine website) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/