1. Larry J. Zimmerman, Ph.D., RPA Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis American Indian Activism

2. With the best of Intentions… An IUPUI example

3. Indian Activism Pre-1900 Charles Eastman Almost all white-run

4. "The common field is the seat of barbarism, while the separate farm is the door to civilization. Sen. Henry Dawes, Massachusetts He also noted that selfishness was the root of advanced civilization, and he could not understand why the Indians were not motivated to possess and achieve more than their neighbors In 1887, the tribes had owned about 138 million acres; by 1900 the total acreage in Indian hands had fallen to 78 million Dawes Severalty Act. (1887) : See the precise language of the law at http://www.law.du.edu/russell/lh/alh/docs/dawesact.html http://www.law.du.edu/russell/lh/alh/docs/dawesact.html Henry Dawes

5. Indians as U.S. citizens, 1924 The “Progressive Era” President Calvin Coolidge with four Osage Indians after Coolidge signed the granting Indians full U.S. citizenship

6. The Indian Reorganization Act, 1934 a.k.a. Wheeler-Howard Act Roosevelt’s New Deal for Indians John Collier as first Native BIA director Instituted US style constitutional goverment

7. The impact of World War II

8. Getting something back: The Indian Claims Commission US—1946 Canada—1991Canada—1991 but with earlier versions since 1927

9. Termination and Relocation

10. Activism and the resurgence of tribal power

11. 1970s Activism

12. Contemporary Activism

13. Casinos and economic resurgence Activism with power…