1. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 1 CONTENTS PART 4- Glaciation case study – Lake District The Int 2’s are already experts on some of these areas! Feel free to pick their brains, they need to revise! PART 3- Karst case study –Yorkshire Dales PART 2- Coastal case study - Dorset PART 1- Caring and sharing-are both possible? A look at protection policies. INTRODUCTION to the Interaction

2. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 2 What is assessed in this unit? 1.The formation of the different scenery – again! 2.What are the potential economic and social opportunities and drawbacks of each landscape? 3.What conflicts arise in these areas? 4.What solutions have been tried to resolve these? 5.How well have they worked? You need to have real and detailed examples to quote in the assessments !

3. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 3 More money to spend on holidays and hobbies More time away from work- hourly and annually Better transport- public and private More interest in the country-side and nature Why are people going to the countryside more? Take ten minutes to copy the table on page 147 of Wider World.

4. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 4 Use the diagram on page 148 of Wider World to help you answer the question- “ How has the growth of the motorway network in the UK affected National Park potential visitor numbers?” PART 1 Hint; you need to quote some data and attempt to describe anything that stands out... Share your answer with your table

5. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 5 Why are the National Parks where they are? 1. They are in areas with great scenery. 2. They are in relatively unpopulated areas. 3. They are within easy travelling distance of major urban areas. 4. They are areas that will benefit from leisure- generated income. Copy these points

6. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 6 National parks have the two aims of ;- 1) Protecting the environment, scenery and ways of life of the area and 2) Providing opportunities for people to experience and enjoy the different elements in the area, particularly outdoors activities. As you might imagine, these don’t always work well together, and can lead to CONFLICT !

7. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 7 To try and manage the area and minimise conflicts, allowing all land users a say in the running of the land, many bodies have been formed. Even the EU has affected the running of the National Parks! Some of these conflicts involve visitors conflicting with locals and with other visitors. Some involve non-visitor economic land users conflicting with each other. Read the question to see if the problems are to be visitor- related or general. Exam tip

8. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 8 Here are the National Parks in England and Wales.

9. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 9 What do each of these owners do with the land? Don’t know? Look it up! PART 1 Who owns the land in National Parks?

10. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 10 Eg; Environmentally Sensitive Areas Eg; Environmentally Sensitive Areas in the UK. Read pages 1-6 of the interactions book for HW. PART 1 You can be asked about any of these in the Exam! Are National Parks the only way of protecting the countryside? No! there are other methods, some of which are found in National Parks as well!

11. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 11 What schemes do I need to know about? Look these up! You need a definition! ESA’s EU farm production quotas Set aside Farm diversification grant scheme Less favoured area Woodland grant scheme Farm woodland scheme

12. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 12 Find out what Non Official Conservation Bodies do and write a short explanation. Where do they get their funding from?

13. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 13 Most National Parks have a couple of special things that they are famous for, be it a scenery type or an activity. The next slide to make notes on the attractions.

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15. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 15 Why are some National Parks more popular with visitors than others? Consider these headings… Proximity to potential visitors Accessibility by main transport routes Variety of amenities Amount of money to spend on upkeep Any other reasons? Weekend and short breaks popular so closer parks more popular

16. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 16 Past paper question- Suggest why national parks attract widely differing numbers of visitors (10) 2002- Don’t worry! Help is on the way! REMEMBER TO QUOTE SOME DATA AND LOOK FOR RELATIONSHIPS!

17. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES Answer plan 17 Explain the huge variations in the numbers of visitors to the national parks. Peak/Lake district- over 20 million a year verses the middle ranking North York Moors (11m) and Snowdonia (8m), Pembrokeshire coast (13m) then verses the lower ranking Exmoor (3m) or Northumberland (1m) Refer to such factors as… Location and in particular proximity to an urban catchments. Accessibility (90% of visitors travel by car.) The development of motorways

18. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES The increasing importance of day trips and short breaks has reinforced the popularity of easily reached national parks such as LD. Range of attractions on offer and range of spectacular scenery. More to do in the lake district than the Norfolk broads!

19. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 19 Like with everything else, there are good and bad aspects of it. Look at the next slide to get an idea! With all this protection, are National Parks therefore great places to live in?

20. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 20 OPPORTUNITIESLIMITATIONS There are about six headings that could be useful here;- Agriculture Industry (including mineral exploitation) Energy production Forestry Water supply Tourism There are about six headings that could be useful here;- Weather and climate Relief Soils Drainage Geology Remoteness / inaccessibility We will re-visit this in our three case studies later in the topic.

21. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 21 The three case studies make up the remainder of the work in this topic. For each of the three scenery types studied in the Lithosphere unit, you need to be able to write about certain things;- 1.The formation of the different scenery – again! 2.What are the potential economic and social opportunities and drawbacks of each landscape? 3.What conflicts arise in these areas? 4.What solutions have been tried to resolve these? 5.How well have they worked?

22. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 22 In the booklet are the introductory notes for each of the areas. They set the geographical scene and provide outlines of the conflicts to be studied. READ IT! Now you will be put into groups to work on a case study each.

23. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 23 How long do we have to put this together? Two full weeks What resources do we have access to? The Internet, atlases, textbooks in the class, notes in class, anything you can get from home!

24. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 24 What do we produce? You present the powerpoint to the class and give the notes to the teacher, who will check and copy them for the class. A powerpoint of about thirty slides and the notes for your jotter that go with them. What then?

25. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 25 Did someone say the scene- setting has already been done for the three areas? Yes! The scene-setting sections for the Lake District and for Malham are in your Booklet as well as some other useful info. Hooray! …but you still have to build it into the powerpoint and then do the rest of the work ! Boo Hoo!

26. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES REMEMBER! YOU MUST COVER Environmental problems and solutions for your area. The social and economic opportunities and limitations for your area. Honey pot sites- where they are, benefits, problems. Main Conflicts- where they are, who is involved, resolutions.

27. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES DON’T FORGET! You still need to know how this landscape was formed! REVISE YOUR LITHOSPHERE! It can be worth 20 marks!

28. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 28 TOPICS TO FOR THE CASE STUDIES LDNPk Keswick traffic problems Windermere water misuse problems 1 2 YDNPk Malhamdale Honeypot problems 3 Dorset coast West Bay shore management problems 4 Opportunities and limitations of all three areas 5

29. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 29 1.Your teacher will divide you into groups of about four or five people. 2.You will be given a topic to research- each topic is almost the same amount of work, just on a different subject. 3.Decide between your group members who is to do which tasks- you will find an outline of what to do in the help sheet for your topic.

30. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 30 Case study area 1- Dorset Coast Sample intro Scene setting;- This area lies on the far south coast of England, between the settlements of Lyme Regis and Bournemouth, in the county of Dorset. The sea off the coast is part of the Atlantic Ocean called the English Channel. The area is about 180kms to the SW of London, and the nearest motorway direct to the capital is some 80kms to the northeast, at Southampton.

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33. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 33 The climate is mild and relatively dry in comparison to ours, and the area has become an important national holiday destination and a desirable retirement place. Ferries leave from the busy harbour at Poole to France and Spain, and a fishing fleet works out of there too. The physical geography can be divided into two clear zones;-

34. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 34 1. From Lyme Regis to Portland Bill there is a depositional coastline, with mostly low clay cliffs and sandy beaches with pronounced Longshore Drift. As a result, it has created sand spits, bars, tombolos and the other features we learned about in the Lithosphere core. The conflicts here revolve around the management of the beach material and controversy abounds as to how the management of one area affects its neighbours. The main conflict centres around West Bay, near Bridport.

35. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 35 You will be working with an OS map of this area in class. West Bay

36. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 36 2. From Portland Bill eastwards towards Poole, ending at the town of Swanage. Here there is an erosional coastline, with tall, more resistant chalk cliffs being eventually eroded and weathered to create the features in the unit. Mass movements occur here frequently as well. The conflicts we will investigate will be the management of tourism so that it maximises the economic and social opportunities yet minimises the environmental degradation of the scenery. The main conflict centres around Lulworth Cove.

37. RURALLAND RESOURCES RURAL LAND RESOURCES 37 You will be working with an OS map of this area in class. LULWORTH COVE