1. Exploring the Beef Industry

2. Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards Addressed!
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social science.
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.WHST a - Introduce a topic and organize ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.

3. Agriculture, Food and Natural Resource Standards Addressed!
AS Evaluate the development and implications of animal origin, domestication and distribution on production practices and the environment.
AS a. Identify and summarize the origin, significance, distribution and domestication of different animal species.

4. Bell Work Name as many beef cattle breeds as possible?
What is your favorite steak?
What is Marbling?
What does polled mean?

5. Student Learning Objectives
Name the parts of a beef animal.
List the common breeds of beef animals.
Explain how to select beef animals.
Identify types of beef production setups.
Describe beef marketing options.

6. Terms Cattle feeders Conformation Frame Score Cow-calf operation
Cutability
Demand
Dual-purpose breed
Desirable traits
Feeder calves
Frame Score
Marbling
Performance
Polled
Purebred breeders
Supply
Yearling feeders

7. Name the parts of a beef animal.
Objective #1
Name the parts of a beef animal.

8. What are the external parts of a beef animal?

9. External Parts of a Beef Animal

10. What are the Beef Animal Meat Cuts?

11. Beef Animal Meat Cuts

12. List the common breeds of beef animals.
Objective #2
List the common breeds of beef animals.

13. What are the common breeds of beef animals?
Terms
Polled
born naturally without horns
marbling
desirable presence of fat in the muscle
cutability
amount of available retail cuts from the carcass
dual-purpose breed
traditionally used for both milk and beef production

14. Most popular purebred beef animal because:
Originated
Northeast Scotland
Most popular purebred beef animal because:
vigorous
perform well in feedlots
Polled
Solid black or red
Known for their marbling

15. Popular crossbreeding
Originated in:
Charolais, France
Pink skin
White to straw colored
Large breed
Polled or horned
Heavily muscled
Popular crossbreeding
The first Charolais in the US were imported from Mexico because of embargos.

16. P.O. Box 014059 Kansas City, Mo (816)842-3757 aha@hereford.org
Originated in:
Hereford County, England
White faces & red bodies
White markings on switch, underline, below the hocks, and on their crest & flank
Horned
Easily handled
Moderate Sized

17. Polled Herefords Started in Same traits as Herefords
Iowa by Warren Gammon
Gathered naturally polled animals and bred them
Same traits as Herefords
Eligible for registry in
American Hereford Association
American Polled Hereford Association

18. www.NALF.org North American Limousin Foundation Englewood, Co 80112 (303)220-1693
Originated in:
Southwestern France
Wheat to rust red or orange colored
Polled & horned
Long & Shallow bodied
Known for calving ease
also their leanness & large loin eye area
High cutability

19. American Shorthorn Association Omaha, Nebraska 402-393-7200
Originated in:
England
Dual-purpose breed
Red, white, or roan
Horned or polled
Short
Docile
Good mothering ability

20. Bozeman, MT 800-593-2778 Originated in: White face is dominate
Western Switzerland
White face is dominate
Red & white spotted or solid red
Black strains have been developed
Polled & horned
Rapid growth
Thick muscled

21. Houston, Texas 713-349-0854 Originated in: India
Used in crossbreeding programs
Light gray or red & sometimes black
loose skin, large hump over shoulder & large drooping ears
Resistance to disease, insects
Tolerant to heat, rapid weight gain, quality carcasses
unpredictable temperament
Excellent ability to forage on poor range

22. San Antonio, TX Originated from: 3/8 Brahman & 5/8 Angus Polled
a cross between Brahman & Angus
3/8 Brahman & 5/8 Angus
Polled
Solid black
Many of the same characteristics as the Angus & Brahman

23. Beefmaster Breeders United San Antonio, TX 210-732-3132
Developed in:
Texas by combining ½ Brahman, ¼ Shorthorn, ¼ Hereford
Coloration varies but red is dominant
Horned or polled
very hardy and good milking ability
Good temperaments
Heavy weaning weights
Rapid weight gain

24. Saler Originated in central France. Considered an intermediate size.
Thick red/black hair coat.
Light colored horns.

25. Charbray Originally a cross between Charolais and Brahman.
Large rugged/performs well in hot humid conditions
White in color.

26. Chianina Originated in Italy.
In Europe the breed is used for draught and meat.
The largest breed of beef cattle.
Used extensively for crossbreeding.

27. Originated in south west France. Color is white to tan
Blonde d’ Aquitane
Originated in south west France.
Color is white to tan
Were used as a draught and meat animal
Very heavy muscled

28. Brayford A cross between Hereford and Brahman.
Suited for hot/humid climatic conditions.
Developed in Australia & Florida.

29. Longhorn Color varies greatly, tan, red, brown, black and spotted.
Ancestors of early Spanish breeds imported in the southwest.
Used extensively as heifer bulls!

30. Maine Anjou Originated in France. Very heavy muscled breed.
Used extensively for crossbreeding.
Originally red and white in color.

31. Santa Gertrudis Developed on the King ranch in Texas.
Originally a cross between Brahman and Shorthorn breeds.
The goal was to develop a breed adapted to hot climates.

32. Scotch Highland Originated in Scotland. Small body size.
Tan/brown in color.
Actually have two hair coats, short inner and longer outer coat.
Ideally suited for colder climates

33. Gelbvieh Originated in Germany. Tan/red in color.
Originally a tri-purpose breed, meat, milk, draught.

34. Explain how to select beef animals.
Objective #3
Explain how to select beef animals.

35. How do I know what beef animals are better than others?
Terms
Desirable traits
traits that are in demand at the market place
Conformation
the shape, form, and type of an animal
Performance
the ability of an animals to reproduce, wean, gain weight and stay strong
Frame score
measurement based on animals being observed and evaluated at 205 days

36. How do I know what beef animals are better than others?
Selection based on the frame score
1 through 7 scale is used for frame score
Selection based on conformation score
1 through 17 is used for performance score
9 – 11 below average
12-14 average
15-17 above average

37. How do I know what beef animals are better than others?
No one breed is superior in all traits
Decide on individual priorities & select breed based on them
Commit to good management practices
diets nutritious
comfortable living conditions
monitor health concerns
assess breeding stock

38. How do I know what beef animals are better than others?
Choose a reputable breeder & producer.
Insure animals are free of diseases and genetic problems.
Look at records of the animals.
Determine if animal will profit your herd.

39. Identify types of beef production setups.
Objective #4
Identify types of beef production setups.

40. What type of production best suits my needs?
Cow-calf operation
keeping mature cattle to produce calves
cows bred every year
calves sold 2 ways
Feeder calves
weaned animals under a year old until sold to feedlot and raised to slaughter weight
Yearling feeders
calves between 1 and 2 years of age sold to another producer to feed out to slaughter weight

41. Cow-Calf Operations Advantages utilizes pastures less labor intense
low investment costs
require little equipment & facilities
easy to increase herd size
Disadvantages
Large initial land investment
long time in between paychecks
budget feed, minerals, vet bills, and other expenses
Price may be low when time to sell calves

42. What type of production best suits my SAE needs?
Cattle feeders
producers that feed beef animals to slaughter weight
buy yearling or calves and finish them quickly

43. Cattle Feeders Advantages production lag is only 4 – 6 months
Quick turn-over time for money
Disadvantages
initial investment is high
higher feed
housing & equipment
more labor & trucking
fluctuating markets

44. What type of production best suits my needs?
Purebred breeders
producers that keep herds for breeding stock and replacement bulls or semen for cow-calf operations

45. Purebred breeders Advantages provides genetic improvements to herds
Receive higher values for animals sold
Disadvantages
initial start-up cost higher for genetically superior animals
time consuming
record-keeping

46. Describe beef marketing options.
Objective #5
Describe beef marketing options.

47. What marketing options do I have with beef cattle?
Supply
overall amount of product available at a given time
Demand
the amount that could be purchased at a given time for a given price

48. What marketing options do I have with beef cattle?
Seasonal pricing patterns exists
Several ways to market beef cattle
purebred marketing
local sales barn
sell directly to packers
Which one is best for you depends on:
marketing costs
convenience
market price

49. What marketing options do I have with beef cattle?
Purebred Marketing
done privately or auctions
breed associations hold consignment auctions
advertising expense
payment of auctioneer
Local Sale Barns
convenient to buyers
utilized by small producers
selling fee is based on percent of sale or fixed amount
cattle goes to the highest bidder

50. What marketing options do I have with beef cattle?
Sell Directly to Packer
large producers
avoid paying commission or brokers
70% of slaughter cattle going to packers from direct markets

51. Review What are the external parts of a beef animal?
What are the Beef Animal Meat Cuts?
What are the common breeds of beef animals?
How do I know what beef animals are better than others?
What marketing options do I have with beef cattle?

52. The End!