1. 1 1 Asexual Reproduction Mitosis

2. How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

4. The process of asexual reproduction begins after a sperm fertilizes an egg.

5. Skin cancer - the abnormal growth of skin cells - most often develops on skin exposed to the sun. Cell that reproduce by asexual reproduction reproduce constantly.

6. Animated Mitosis Cycle http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase & Cytokinesis

7. Chromosomes are copied (# doubles) Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils ( chromatin ) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy( sister chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase CELL MEMBRANE Nucleus Cytoplasm

8. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

9. Mitosis begins (cell begins to divide) Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite end of the cell. Spindle fibers form between the poles. Centrioles Sister chromatids Spindle fibers

10. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Spindle fibers Centrioles

11. Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers. Centrioles Spindle fibers

12. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

13. Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell. Centrioles Spindle fibers

14. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

15. Two new nuclei form. Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods). Mitosis ends. Nuclei Chromatin

16. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

17. Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes.

18. Animal Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

19. Plant Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

20. I I nterphase P P rophase M M etaphase A A naphase T T elophase C C ytokinesis IPMATC I Pray M ore At T he Church

21. 21

22. 22 - Cell Division 22

23.  A cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form 2 daughter cells  FOUR phases: 1. G1 (gap 1) 2. S phase (synthesis, DNA replication) 3. G2 (gap 2) 4. M phase (mitosis)

24.  Interphase (G1, S, G2)  Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase  Cytokinesis

25.  chromosome: X-shaped coiled piece of two identical DNA pieces  chromatid: individual pieces of coiled DNA (1/2 of the X)

26. Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

27. Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

28.  two daughter cells have identical copies of the parent cell’s DNA  # of chromosomes is the same in both cells (called the diploid #)

29.  A microscope was used to examine onion root tips. 4 different fields (A, B, C, and D) were used. In each field, the cells in the mitotic phases were identified and counted. Cells in interphase were also counted. What does this data reveal?

31.  A human cell has 46 individual chromosomes in its cells. After the S phase of the cell cycle, how many chromosomes will the cell contain?  How many homologous (or matching) pairs of chromosomes will the cell have at prophase?