1. Mitosis Review

2. 1. What is the purpose of mitosis?

3. To make new daughter cells when a cell becomes to old, too large or damaged.

4. How many daughter cells are made during mitosis?

5. 2

6. What is the purpose of meiosis?

7. To make gametes for the purpose of sexual reproduction.

8. How many daughter cells are made during meiosis?

9. 4

10. What are the three parts of the cell cycle?

11. 1. Interphase 2. Mitosis 3. Cytokinesis

12. What happens during Interphase?

13. G1, S, G2 G1: primary growth phase S: Synthesis; DNA replicated G2: Secondary growth phase

14. What are the phases of mitosis?

15. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

16. Which phase is it?

17. 17 Four Mitotic Stages Prophase Prophase Metaphase Metaphase Anaphase Anaphase Telophase Telophase

18. Spindle fibers(microtubules) called ________________ attach to the centromere of each chromosome.

19. kinetochores

20. The nuclear envelope and nucleolus are broken down in _________________ phase of mitosis. It then reappears during _______________.

21. Prophase, telophase

22. The longest phase of the cell cycle is_____________________.

23. Interphase

24. The longest phase of mitosis is _____________________

25. prophase

26. During ________________ which occurs rapidly, the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell by kinetochores.

27. anaphase

28. During ______________ chromosomes are lined up at the equator.

29. metaphase

30. How many chromosomes are there in a human autosome?

31. 46

32. How many chromosomes are there in a human gamete?

33. 23

34. Having a full set of chromosomes in a cell is also known as________________.

35. diploid

36. Have half a set of chromosomes in a cell is known as______________.

37. Haploid.

38. What is the purpose of a karyotype?

39. To view the paired chromosomes from largest to smallest. It can show if there is an extra set of chromosomes. (Down’s syndrome)

40. Why would destroying a cell’s ability to use their spindle fibers (microtubules) affect the cell growth?

41. A cell can not growth into two new daughter cells without the help of the spindle fibers.

42. An uncontrolled rate of cell growth is known as_______________

43. cancer

44. How is cytokinesis different in a human cell to that of a plant cell?

45. A human cell will form a furrow. A plant cell will form a plate wall between the two new cells.

46. During ____________ sister chromatids are at opposite poles.

47. telophase

48. During a karyotype the sex chromosomes indicated: XX. Is this a boy or a girl?

49. girl

50. Duplicated chromosomes are called _______________ and are help together by their ________________.

51. Chromatids, centromere

52. Why can’t a person see the chromosomes during interphase?

53. They are long, thin and stringy (known as chromatin). They have just duplicated.