1. Origin of the Universe

2. Origin and Age of the Universe Humans have observed celestial objects for thousands of years contemplating their place in the universe. Celestial objects The universe It is estimated that the Universe is between 10 – 13.7 billion years old. One theory explaining the origin of the Universe is known as the Big Bang Theory.

3. The Big Bang Theory 1. After the explosion, all matter began to organize into subatomic particles (protons/electrons) and small atoms (hydrogen and helium). 2. Within one billion years after the explosion, matter (atoms) became organized into celestial bodies. 3. These new celestial bodies developed gravitational fields. Stars and solar systems became grouped within these fields.

4. Evidence for the Big Bang Theory 1. RT = Pg. 14

5. Evidence for the Big Bang Theory 2. The Doppler effect is a phenomena that illustrates the shifting wavelengths of electromagnetic energy from objects moving in an expanding universe. RT = Pg. 14

6. The Doppler Effect As the motorcycle moves closer to “Person A” the sound waves from the motorcycle compress (wavelengths decrease) – an increase in sound. For “Person B” the sound waves are spread out (wavelengths increase) and there is a decrease in sound. Person BPerson A As the universe continues to expand from the Big Bang, the electromagnetic radiation of celestial objects that are closest to the Earth have smaller wavelengths (blue shift) than those that are moving away from the Earth (long wavelength – red shift). wavelength

7. Spectral Evidence of The Doppler Effect A spectrometer is an instrument that will measure properties of light emitted from an element. Visible light can broken down into the colored spectrum Each element produces a unique spectrogram – a series of black bands (spectral lines) placed across the colored spectrum. Spectral lines appear when specific wavelengths on light are absorbed.