1. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Beni Asllani University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Products and Services Operations Management Chapters 4&5 Roberta Russell & Bernard W. Taylor, III

2. When and Where to Inspect 1.At the supplier’s plant while the supplier is producing 2.At your facility upon receipt of goods from the supplier 3.Before costly or irreversible processes 4.During the step-by-step production processes 5.When production or service is complete 6.Before delivery from your facility 7.At the point of customer contact

3. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-3 Manufacturability and Value Engineering  Benefits: 1. Reduced complexity of products 2. Additional standardization of products 3. Improved functional aspects of product 4. Improved job design and job safety 5. Improved maintainability of the product 6. Robust design

4. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-4 Design Process (cont.) Pilot run and final tests New product or service launch Final design & process plans Idea generation Feasibility study Product or service concept Performance specifications Functional design Form design Production design Revising and testing prototypes Design specifications Manufacturing or delivery specifications Suppliers R&D Customers MarketingCompetitors

5. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-5 Form and Functional Design  Form Design how product will look? how product will look?  Functional Design reliability maintainability usability

6. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-6  Simplification reducing number of parts, assemblies, or options in a product reducing number of parts, assemblies, or options in a product  Standardization using commonly available and interchangeable parts using commonly available and interchangeable parts  Modularity combining standardized building blocks, or modules, to create unique finished products combining standardized building blocks, or modules, to create unique finished products Production Design

7. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-7 Technology in the Design Process  Computer Aided Design (CAD) assists in creation, modification, and analysis of a design assists in creation, modification, and analysis of a design includes includes computer-aided engineering (CAE) computer-aided engineering (CAE)  tests and analyzes designs on computer screen computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)  ultimate design-to-manufacture connection

8. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-8 Quality Function Deployment (QFD)  Translates voice of customer into technical design requirements  Displays requirements in matrix diagrams first matrix called “house of quality” first matrix called “house of quality” series of connected houses series of connected houses

9. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-9 Taguchi Concepts  Experimental design methods to improve product and process design  Identify key component and process variables affecting product variation  Taguchi Concepts  Quality robustness  Quality loss function  Target-oriented quality

10. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.4/5-10 Taguchi’s Quality Loss Function   Quantifies customer preferences toward quality   Emphasizes that customer preferences are strongly oriented toward consistently   Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) Quality Loss Lower tolerance limit Target Upper tolerance limit