1. Second Nine Weeks Exam Study Guide Review

2. Describe Georgia’s first government as a royal colony? The government had a bicameral legislature representing Georgia’s eight parishes.

3. In what area of Georgia is the Appalachian Plateau located? Northwest region

4. What are the names of the Prehistoric Indian cultures in Georgia? Paleo Archaic Mississippian Woodland

5. What were the accomplishments of Hernando de Soto? Spanish explorer who traveled through Georgia in search of gold.

6. Describe the Native Americans Oglethorpe met. Yamacraw Indians who were helpful to the colonists.

7. When did King George II grant Oglethorpe his charter? 1732

8. Who were Georgia’s royal governors? REW Reynolds Ellis Wright

9. When did Georgia adopt its first state constitution? 1777

10. Which Georgians signed the Declaration of Independence? George Walton Button Gwinnett Lyman Hall

11. Who represented Georgia at the Constitutional Convention of 1787? William Few Abraham Baldwin

12. What was the headright system? The land distribution method that gave Indian lands to the settlers Based upon idea that head of the household had the “right” to land

13. What was the Yazoo land fraud? Scandal when Georgia’s governor and some legislators were bribed to sell public land to private developers at below market prices

14. What were Georgia’s major crops after the revolutionary war? Cotton and tobacco

15. What was the most important invention to Georgia’s economy in the early 1800s? Cotton gin

16. What was the most damaging result of the Yazoo land fraud? Georgia lost money as well as lands west of the Chattahoochee River

17. What was the major reason for the War of 1812? US desired to seize lands in the west and in Canada

18. Who was Sequoyah and what did he contribute? He developed a syllabary so the Cherokee could have a written language

19. What was the Trail of Tears? The name given to the forced removal of the Cherokee from Georgia

20. What was manifest destiny? The US concept of the belief that the United States was destined to spread over the total continent.

21. What did the United States gain as a result of the Mexican American War? Texas, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona and parts of New Mexico, Wyoming and Colorado

22. What was the Missouri Compromise? A compromise between slave and non slave states that provided a temporary solution to the slavery issue and maintained a balance of power between free and slave states.

23. What was the Compromise of 1850? A compromise in which California is permitted to enter the Union as a free state with no slavery.

24. What was the panic of 1857 and how did it worsen relationships between the North and the South? The panic of 1857 was a economic panic that occurred when Northern banks failed. The North was bitter because the South would not increase tariffs needed by industrial areas hurt by the depression.

25. What was the purpose of the Fugitive Slave Law? This law required the return of runaway slaves to their owners.

26. Which states formed the original seven states of the Confederate States of America in 1861? Georgia, Texas, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, South Carolina, Mississippi

27. Name the Georgians who held leadership positions in the Confederate States of America. Robert Toombs, Alexander Stephens

28. What conflict did Georgians face after Lincoln’s election? The conflict between states rights and Union rights/conflict over slavery.

29. Which is the largest branch of Georgia’s government? Executive (also the largest branch of the federal government – this is the branch that has all the individuals responsible for the day to day operations of the state)

30. Which powers are given to the governor by the state constitution? Serving as commander in chief of the Georgia National Guard Signing bills from legislature into law Preparing an annual budget for consideration by the General Assembly

31. Which elected official heads the Georgia Department of State? Secretary of State

32. How many consecutive years can a lieutenant governor hold office? Unlimited number of years for lieutenant governor

33. Which elected state official controls the administration of state and federal education funds? State school superintendent

34. How are boundaries for house and senate elections determined at the state level? Equal population splits among districts

35. How does a bill become a law? any senator or representative can propose a bill bills related to spending must begin in the House same version of the bill must pass House and Senate compromise bill may come from conference committee governor can sign or veto the bill if it passes both the House and Senate

36. Of the following positions, which are elected and which are appointed? County Tax Commissioner Elected County commissionerElected Probate court judgeElected County AttorneyAPPOINTED

37. What is a municipality? A city with its own government is a municipality.

38. What form of city government is NOT common in Georgia? Board of commissioners-mayor style is not common in Georgia

39. What are special purpose district forms of government? Special categories of government where different laws may apply and which have additional responsibilities. For example, schools, airports and ports represent special purpose district forms of government.

40. What is the maximum number of counties established by Georgia law? 159

41. What was the motive behind the 3/5 compromise? Northern states wanted to prevent southern states from having control of the House of Representatives

42. In which of the following instances would state court NOT enforce laws? Court interpretation of laws or case law involved Violations of the constitution law of Georgia Violations of the regulations of the agencies of the executive branch of state government have been charged Violations of federal laws or regulation of federal agencies have been charged WOULD NOT hear this case as is FEDERAL

43. How many justices served in the Georgia state supreme court and what are their terms of office? Seven justices elected by popular vote to six year terms of office.

44. What courts are found in each county? Municipal court, magistrate court, probate court, juvenile court

45. What courts are juveniles sent to in cases involving specific serious and violent crimes (for example, one of the seven deadly sins) SUPERIOR COURT

46. What is the job of the intake officer? To determine if a juvenile who is taken into custody should be detained or released to his/her guardian

47. Where were the first major attacks in Georgia by Union troops? Fort Pulaski and Tybee Island

48. Why didn’t Sherman burn Savannah? He protected the $28 million worth of cotton stored in Savannah

49. What was Andersonville and what happened to its commander? The commander at Andersonville was executed for allowing excessive cruelty at the Andersonville prison

50. Why did Sherman attack the civilian infrastructure between Atlanta and Savannah? To end civilian support for the war effort and shorten the war.

51. Which battle forced Lincoln to prepare Union troops for war? Battle of Fort Sumter, South Carolina