1. Chapter 14 - Light Electromagnetic Wave- a wave that consists of vibrating electric and magnetic fields that radiate outward from the source at the speed of light. Speed of Light (c) c=3.00 x 10 8 m/s Electromagnetic Spectrum- from least frequency to greatest- Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays

2. Radio Waves – AM & FM radio, Television broadcasts > 30 cm, f < 10 9 hz Microwaves- radar, aircraft navigation, microwave ovens, research 30 cm> >1 mm, E 9 hz<f< 3 E11 hz Infrared- physical therapy, infrared photography, molecular spectra 1 mm> >700 nm, 3 E11 hz<f<4.3 E14 hz Visible Light- 700 nm(red)> >400 nm(violet) 4.3 E14 hz< f < 7.5 E14 hz

3. Ultraviolet- sterilize medical instruments, identify fluorescent minerals, sunburn 400 nm> >60 nm, 7.5 E14 hz< f < 5 E15 hz X-rays- medical exam of bones, teeth and organs, treatment for types of cancer 60 nm> > 1E-4 nm 5 E15 hz < f < 3 E21 hz Gamma Rays- treatment for cancer, food irradiation, exam for structural flaws

4. Wave speed equation for light c = f Two basic theories of light- Wave Theory, Particle Theory. Light acts like both at different times. Wave Theory- has a wavelength, frequency, starts with a vibration, can have interference (constructive and destructive), polarization Particle Theory- reflection, refraction, ray diagrams

5. Law of Reflection- the angle at which light strikes a surface with respect to the Normal (perpendicular line to the surface), is equal to the angle at which light leaves the surface. Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection Diffuse reflection- the reflection off of a rough surface – no glare Specular reflection- smooth surfaces, such as glass and water.

6. Flat Mirrors Virtual image is formed, that appears to be behind the mirror at the same distance as the object in front of the mirror. Images will be the same size as the object. The image formed is reverse of the object.