1. Possessive Adjectives & Stem Changing Verbs Chapter 5 – Grammar 1 Slides 1-13

2. Possessive Adjectives Mi/mis (yo) Tu/tus (tu) Su/sus (usted, él, ella) Nuestro(a)/nuestros(as) (nosotros/as) Vuestro(a)/vuestros(as) (vosotros/as) Su/sus (ustedes & ellos, ellas) My Your (informal) His, her, its, your (formal), their Our Your (informal) His, her, its, your (formal), their

3. Possessive Adjectives Some examples: –Todos mis primos son atléticos. All of my cousins are athletic. –Mi amiga es muy inteligente. My friend is very intelligent. –¿De dónde son tus amigos? Where are your friends from? –Nuestra familia es cómica, ¿nó? Our family is funny, don’t you think?

4. Possessive Adjectives Possessive adjectives show ownership or relationships between people. They are placed before the noun.

5. Possessive Adjectives In English, possessive adjectives his, her, and their show when something belongs to a male, a female, or more than 1 person. In Spanish, the possessive adjective su has many possible meanings: his, her, its, your, their. (The context usually makes the meaning clear.)

6. Possessive Adjective Agreement Possessive adjectives refer to the owner BUT their form agrees in gender & number with the noun that comes after them. Example: –Elena canta con sus hermanas. Elena sings with her sisters. Sus refers to Elena’s (her) sisters, but agrees with the noun that comes after it (hermanas).

7. Possessive Adjective Agreement Some more examples: –Amalia juega con sus hermanos. Amalia plays with her brothers. –La señora Robles le canta a sus plantas. Mrs. Robles sings to her plants.

8. Possessive Adjectives: Additional Rules Su and sus can take the place of a phrase with de + person. Example: –¿De donde es el padre de Carlota? Where is Carlota’s dad from? –El padre de Carlota es de Lima. To Answer: Use su instead of restating el padre de Carlota. –Su padre es de Lima. Her dad is from Lima.

9. Stem Changing Verbs: O  UE In Spanish, regular verbs have regular stems and regular endings. –Example: Hablar hablo, hablas, habla, hablamos, hablaís, hablan Verbs with variations in their stems are called stem-changing verbs.

10. Stem Changing Verbs: O  UE Recall the verb jugar, the u changes to ue. In the verb dormir, the o changes to ue, in all forms except nosotros(as) and vosotros(as).

11. Stem Changing Verbs: O  UE Other verbs that follow this pattern are almorzar, volver, llover. Examples: –Yo almuerzo al mediodía. –Ana vuelve el martes. –Marta y Carlos almuerzan en la escuela. –Nosotros volveremos el domingo. (No stem change.)

12. Stem Changing Verbs: E  IE Some verbs show a vowel stem change from e to ie, such as: empezar, merendar, entender, querer. The e changes to ie in all but the nosotros(as) and vosotros(as) forms.

13. Stem Changing Verbs: E  IE Examples: –Yo no entiendo inglés. –Ellas entienden francés. –La clase empieza a las tres de la tarde. You can also use empieza a followed by an infinitive to say what you/others start to do. –Mi amiga empieza a trabajar a las siete.