1. By: Veronica Draayers and Brin Gibson

2. Born September 15, 1929 in lower Manhattan Born September 15, 1929 in lower Manhattan Child prodigy Child prodigy Entered Yale at the age of 15 as a member of Jonathan Edwards college Entered Yale at the age of 15 as a member of Jonathan Edwards college American physicist and linguist American physicist and linguist Received Noble Prize in physics in 1969 Received Noble Prize in physics in 1969 He is currently the Robert Andrews Milikan Professor of Theoretical Physics Emeritus at Caltech He is currently the Robert Andrews Milikan Professor of Theoretical Physics Emeritus at Caltech

3. He developed the quark diagram He developed the quark diagram He found that all of the particles in the nuclei, such as the protons and the neutrons are made up of quarks He found that all of the particles in the nuclei, such as the protons and the neutrons are made up of quarks Protons and neutrons are called hadrons Protons and neutrons are called hadrons Protons are made up of three quarks Protons are made up of three quarks Quarks are the fundamental building blocks of protons and neutrons Quarks are the fundamental building blocks of protons and neutrons Quark Model (way to classify hadrons in their valence quarks)

4. Quantum Mechanics Quantum Mechanics By the 1960’s nearly 100 different particles had been discovered in the nucleus of the atom. By the 1960’s nearly 100 different particles had been discovered in the nucleus of the atom. Gell-Mann classified them using their electrical charge and “strangeness” in octets or “the eightfold way”. Gell-Mann classified them using their electrical charge and “strangeness” in octets or “the eightfold way”. noticed that there was an empty spot and estimated the charge and “strangeness” number to develop quarks. noticed that there was an empty spot and estimated the charge and “strangeness” number to develop quarks. Proton smashing Proton smashing

5. He helped come up with the accepted theory of quantum chromodynamics (fundamental force describing the interactions between quarks and gluons) He helped come up with the accepted theory of quantum chromodynamics (fundamental force describing the interactions between quarks and gluons) He is also known for the see- saw theory of neutrino masses (helps describe the masses of neutrinos relative to quarks) He is also known for the see- saw theory of neutrino masses (helps describe the masses of neutrinos relative to quarks) He helped keep the idea of string theory alive when the concept was unpopular He helped keep the idea of string theory alive when the concept was unpopular

6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/gel0bio -1 http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/gel0bio http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/la urestes/1969/gell-mann-bio.html http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/la urestes/1969/gell-mann-bio.html