2. NOTATION -The system for showing pitch and duration-

3. In other words… How to draw notes!! Whole note: open circle: 4 beats Half note: open circle w/ stem: 2 beats Quarter note: closed circle w/ stem: 1 beat Eighth note: quarter note w/ flag: ½ beat Sixteenth note: quarter note w/ double flag: ¼ beat Whole rest: upside down hat: 4 beats Half rest: top hat: 2 beats Quarter rest: lightening bolt ~3: 1 beat Eighth rest: 7: ½ beat Sixteenth rest: fancy 7: ¼ beat NotesRests

4. Table of Note/Rest Equivalents!!

5. Accidentals!! Double Flat FlatNaturalSharp Double Sharp Double Flats are used to lower the pitch of the intended note two half steps Flats are used to lower the pitch of the intended note one half step Double Sharps are used to raise the pitch of the intended note two half steps Sharps are used to raise the pitch of the intended note one half step The natural sign is used to negate a previous indication of a lowered or raised note (key signature)

6. Enharmonic!! -Tones that have the same pitch but different letter names!! For example, F# is equivalent to Gb, B# is equivalent to C, etc. & both =

7. The Tie and the Dot!! Tie -Connects two adjacent motes that are the same pitch into a single sound!!! Dot -Lengthens a note by half it’s value, an additional dot adds half the amount of the first dot!!!

8. Dynamics!! ~General volume or level of intensity!!!!!!!!! pp p mp mf f ff Sfz- a sudden accent on a note or chord Crescendo- gradually get louder Decrescendo- gradually get softer

9. THE END