2. Modern Japan By 1900 Japan became a modern industrial nation
Tradition of self-sacrifice and hard work
Schools, newspapers, factories, military
With industrialization, came a need for raw materials like coal, iron, oil…

3. Russo-Japanese War
Japan and Russia go to war over access to Manchuria for coal and iron
Japan wins and shocks the world community

4. Japan in World War 1 Japan on Allied side of WW1
Gains former German territory in China…looked at China as a source of raw materials, and a market for Japanese goods
Racist toward them

5. The aggression continues…
1930’s radical Japanese politicians argued to continue imperialism…took more of China in 1931 (Manchuria)
1931 Manchuria P.M. Hideki Tojo
1937 China
“Rape of Nanking”
Leaflets promised good treatment…~300,000 murdered
Many atrocities committed against Chinese…Japanese textbooks ignore and Japanese government still has not properly apologized

7. World War 2 1940…Japan joins the Axis powers (Germany and Italy)
Japan take Indochina…Vietnam
Japan takes Hong Kong, Thailand, Indonesia
Orders given by General Tojo
USA cuts off trade of vital oil…sparks attack on Pearl Harbor Dec 7, 1941
8 battleships and 2,500 dead, USS Arizona stands as a memorial
USA fought WW2 on two fronts…Europe and Pacific

8. 1945 April 1945 Germany surrenders, Japan does not
August 6, 1945 USA drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima (80,000 dead) and Nagasaki 3 days later (40,000 dead)
Hundreds of thousands more are poisoned with radiation
Origin of Godzilla movies of the 1960’s
August 14th, Japan surrenders and is occupied by the USA
Southeast Asia still resentful over WW2, even though reparations paid.

10. Occupation of Japan
Millions of Japanese dead from war, Japanese cities bombed, foreigners occupied Japan for first time in history
General Tojo and others tried as war criminals
Emperor Hirohito exonerated, but stripped of his powers

11. Emperor Hirohito
“Under the weight of winter snow, the branches bend but do not break”
Lives until 1989 and he was right…Japan recovered and became an economic superpower

12. Blue-Eyed Shogun
American occupation deeply affected Japan-American general Douglas MacArthur oversees
Blue-eyed Shogun!!!
1947 they help write a new constitution
Parliamentary democracy
Diet holds the power…congress
Women vote for the first time
Bill of rights, press speech religion
Militarism caused aggression, so military now limited-national and coast guards-renouncing war-with the promise of protection by the US military

13. Pacifism Officially pacifist…renounce war
Little spent on defense…spent on rebuilding economy
With China in 1949 turning to communism and N.Korea in 1953, Japan became an ally instead of former enemy
Encouraged Japan to rearm…
Currently have a role in Iraq

14. 1952-1980’s 1952 US turns power back over to the Japanese
Japan continued tradition of hard work, loyalty, discipline, and harmony
Democracy set up by the USA continues
1980’s economic superpower
“Economic Miracle”…sold supplies for Korean War, rapid recovery also due to being able to start from scratch with newest technology in 1960’s
Leading shipbuilder, technology/electronics

15. Japanese Auto Industry
1973 OPEC Embargo oil crisis forced Japanese to develop fuel efficient cars …set standard
Mitsubishi, Toyota, Lexus, Honda, Nissan, Acura, Suzuki
Trade imbalance…Japan exports more than it imports…Favorable trade imbalance
Economic nationalism
Move to a green philosophy/nuclear energy,
Much loyalty to firm, often working for entire career
Women still struggling for status in workplace…30% office ladies

16. Graying of Japan Many Japanese still have only one child, not by law
Value on education…school 6 days a week, + juku… Kumon…legacy of Confucianism!
Aging population an issue
Declining population

18. Sayonara