1. Making Models What is beneath the crust? Do you think the Earth’s crust has always been the way it is now? Why do earthquakes occur within the crust? Why do volcanoes occur within the crust?

2. 3 Minute Model In 3 minutes, you will make 45 clay spheres and 3 clay pancakes. Work together…. Create three layers, starting with 1 pancake, 15 spheres, 1 pancake, 15 spheres, 1 pancake, and finally the last 15 spheres. YOU CAN ONLY MAKE YOUR LAYERS WITH YOUR HANDS, DO NOT USE ANYTHING ELSE No desk, no tray, no paper plate!!!!!

3. Comparing Models What type of rock is this model representing? Draw a diagram of what you made in 3 minutes. Take apart your 3 minute model. Repeat the 3 minute procedure, but this time you get 5 minutes! Draw a diagram of what you made in 5 minutes. Repeat the procedure…but this time you get 7 minutes!!! Do not take your 7 minute model apart!

4. Models During which time period did your team create the most COMPLEX and varied model? Why is that model complex? How do you think these layers were formed? How do you think the Grand Canyon was made? Check out the Grand Canyon pics!!!! How does this relate to the Earth’s timeline?

5. California’s San Andreas Fault What two major features meet along the western edge of California? The San Andrea fault is over 800 miles long! WHAT IS A FAULT????

6. Fault Simulators Each fault simulator represents a different section of the San Andreas fault in California. Put your 7 minute model (section of the Earth’s crust) on the fault simulator. Construct a fence on your model with toothpicks. Put your fence perpendicular to the fault on your fault simulator. Have Ms. H cut your fault with her knife!

7. Displacement Displacement is the amount the Earth moves resulting from an earthquake. Make the earthquake!!!!! How much displacement occurred on your part of the fault line? (measure in cm) Did all sections of the fault show the same amount of displacement? Why? Pressure builds up, different sections of the faults are different types of rocks.

8. Strike-Slip Fault What direction does the strike-slip fault move? What plates are moving? Which way are the plates moving? How much are the plates moving? Predict what will happen to Los Angeles and San Francisco in the future? What is a sudden slip called? Point Reyes Fence picture.