1. The Supremo Pizza of Nationalism
Italian Unification
The Supremo Pizza of Nationalism

2. 1800’s - The Age of Nationalism
Peoples inspired by example of George Washington and motivated against Napoleon

3. The Italian Situation “Italy” did not exist
Multiple Independent kingdoms
Some foreign owned
France= Kingdom of the two Sicilies
Austria= Lombardy and Venetia
Transportation and communication hard

4. Early Nationalism
Risorgimento
Giuseppe Mazzini led Young Italy

5. Republican Revolution in Sicily
Revolution of 1848
Republican Revolution in Sicily
Spread north to Austrian Italy (Lombardy/Venetia)
King Charles Albert of Sardinia rallies Italian countries against Austrians and he was winning!!!
A Young Charles Albert

6. The Revolution Fails to Make “Italy”
April, 1848 – Pope Pius IX removes Papal States from the war
Didn’t like Catholic peoples making war and killing other Catholics
Coalition falls apart…
Pope Pius IX

7. End of the First Attempt
Mazzini and Young Italy overthrow the Pope and take Rome
Angered over his influence in war with Austria
France, Spain, and Naples invade Rome and put Pius IX back into power.
End of the First Attempt

8. Charles Albert, King of Sardinia
A Phoenix in the Ashes?
Young Italy dead, but Charles Albert smells like a rose for his nationalism…
Charles Albert, King of Sardinia

9. Sardinia leads the Way
Victor Emmanuel becomes King of Sardinia after death of father.
Helped in unifying the North of Italy by his chief minister, Count Camillo di Cavour

10. Count Camillo di Cavour
Saw that Italian unification lay in defeating Austria
A Secret Plan…
Supported France and UK in the Crimean War to gain favors from them…

11. A Franco-Austrian War, 1859 Secret Treaty of Plombiers-Les-Bains
France fights Austria and Italy gets Lombardy- Venetia if Italy gives France Nice and Savoy

12. “Viva VERDI” (Victor Emmanuel, Re D’Italia) united “Italy”
Napoleon III pulls out as war too costly.
Tuscany, Parma, Modena & Romagna join Sardinia to fight for V.E. III’s “Italy”
“Italy” gets Lombardy
A Partial Victory
Napoleon III of France

13. The South The Rise of Garibaldi Revolutionary Roots
“Red Shirts” -Led Revolution in 1860 after death of Sicilian King Ferdinand II
Took Naples with 1000 men then marched North…
Cavour is nervous!!!
The South

14. The Final Unification
Cavour encourages Garibaldi to join Victor Emmanuel
Oct., 1860 – Southern Italy holds votes to unite with the North
Italy is BORN!!!
Cavour dies three months later 

15. Add Venice and Rome…
Italy allied with Prussia against Austria in 1866 and was given Venice
During Franco-Prussian War (1871), French protected Rome couldn’t spare troops to defend the city so Italy took it

16. ITALY!!!