2. Unifications of Italy and Germany

3. Q: What does unification mean? Unification = become one Q: If this is about Italy becoming one and Germany becoming one, what does that mean about Italy and Germany before this? I & G were both divided

4. Nationalism grew in I & G during 1800s Q: Why did nationalism grow?

6. Germany = former Holy Roman Empire Q: What do we know about the HRE? Religion? Wars? Major states? Hated enemy? Rulers? Bismarck = prime minister of Prussia Germany Bismarck makes Germany B.I.G.

7. B. Bismarck used war & German nationalism Bismarck, Prime Minister of Prussia Q: Who did we learn first made Prussia into a military power? Great issues of the day will be decided.. by blood and iron.

8. I. “I do whatever it takes” = realpolitik I believe in realpolitik, so I’ll do whatever it takes to get what I want! Q: If you’re willing to do anything to get what you want - you believe in realpolitik - then what sort of things might you do?

9. G. Germany unified after Franco-Prussian War (1870) Q: Who did the HRE, and therefore the Prussians, hate?

11. 1st Reflection: Why would a nationalist like Bismarck want the German states to become BIG and united?

12. Italy Nationalists made Italy... O.N.E. Italy = many city-states Q: What did we learn earlier this year began in these Italian city-states and then moved into Northern Europe?

13. O. Oh, Cavour unites N. Italy Cavour, advisor to king of Sardinia

14. N. Nationalist Garibaldi joins South with North Garibaldi - used guerrilla warfare

15. E. Eventually papal states (Rome) joined Italy - 1870 Q: What does papal mean?

16. 2nd Reflection: Why would nationalists like Cavour and Garibaldi want the Italian city-states to become ONE?