1. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Affect the Nervous System

2. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ

3. Central Nervous System Medications Analgesics and antagonists Anesthetics Anti-anxiety and sedative-hypnotic drugs Antiseizure or anti-epileptic drugs Central nervous system stimulants Psychotherapeutic medications Parkinson’s medications

4. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Autonomic Nervous System Medications (1 of 2) Drugs affecting the parasympathetic system: –Cholinergics –Anticholinergics –Ganglionic blocking agents –Neuromuscular blocking agents –Ganglionic stimulating agents

5. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Autonomic Nervous System Medications (2 of 2) Drugs affecting the sympathetic system: –Adrenergic receptors –Adrenergic agonists –Adrenergic antagonists –Skeletal muscle relaxants

6. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Physiology of an Adrenergic Synapse

7. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ

9. Classifications of Cardiovascular Drugs (1 of 2) Antidysrhythmics –Used to treat and prevent abnormal cardiac rhythms Antihypertensives –Used to treat hypertension

10. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Classifications of Cardiovascular Drugs (2 of 2) Hemostatic agents –Used to stop bleeding Antihyperlipidemic agents –Used to treat high cholesterol

11. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Antidysrhythmics

12. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Antihypertensives Diuretics Adrenergic inhibiting agents Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor antagonists Calcium channel blockers Direct vasodilators

13. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Affect the Respiratory System

14. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Anti-Asthmatic Medications

15. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Treat Emesis Antiemetics –Medication used to prevent vomiting Serotonin antagonists –Zofran Dopamine antagonists –Compazine, Phenergan, Inapsine, Reglan Cannabinoids –Marinol, Cesamet

16. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Affect the Endocrine System

17. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Affecting the Pancreas Diabetes mellitus is the most important disease involving the pancreas. –Insulin A substance that decreases blood glucose level –Glucagon A substance that increases blood glucose level

18. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ

19. Oral Hypoglycemics Orinase (chlorpropamide) Glucotrol (glipizide) Micronase (glyburide)

20. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Hyperglycemic Agents D 50 W is a sugar solution given intravenously for acute hypoglycemia. Glucagon is indicated for emergency treatment when an IV is unobtainable.

21. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Affecting Sexual Behavior L-dopa (Levodopa) has demonstrated increased libido as a side effect. Vardenafil (Levitra) Tadalafil (Cialis) Sildenafil (Viagra) If you treat a patient with chest pain who has taken Viagra recently, do NOT give nitroglycerin or any other nitrate.

22. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Treat Cancer

23. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Treat Cancer Drugs used to treat cancer are called antineoplastic agents. Examples include: –Fluorouracil (Adrucil) –Mechlorethamine (Mustargen) –Vinblastine (Velban) –Vincristine (Oncovin)

24. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Treat Infectious Diseases and Inflammation

25. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Treat Infectious Diseases and Inflammation (1 of 3) Antibiotics –An antibiotic agent may either kill the offending bacteria or so decrease the bacteria’s growth that the patient’s immune system can effectively fight the infection. Antifungal agents –Fungi are parasitic microorganisms that cannot synthesize their own food.

26. Bledsoe et al., Paramedic Care Principles & Practice Volume 1: Introduction © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Drugs Used to Treat Infectious Diseases and Inflammation (2 of 3) Antimicrobial and antiparasitic drugs. –Although most diseases treated with these drugs are uncommon in developed countries, they are leading causes of death in third-world countries. Diseases include malaria, leprosy, and helminthiasis.