1. Cell Structure

2. Cell Theory States the following: 1.All organisms are made up of cells (one or more) 2.All cells come from preexisting cells (cell reproduction) 3.All cells are essentially the same in chemical composition

3. Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic cells

4. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote ProkaryoteEukaryote No nucleusNucleus No membrane bound organelles Membrane bound organelles Only bacteriaAll other cells Evolved 3.5 billion yaEvolved 1.5 billion ya About 1-10 micrometers in size About 2-1000 micrometers in size Can live w/out oxygen Requires oxygen to live

5. Components of an Animal Cell

6. Components of a Plant Cell

8. Elodea cells

9. Onion cells stained

10. Cheek cells

11. We will use the following analogy… Think of the cell as a city

12. Let’s Start from the Inside… The Nucleus (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P) The Central Command Center Information (DNA)

13. Ribosomes-factories Ribosomes - Each cell contains thousands - Miniature 'protein factories' - Composes 25% of cell's mass - Stationary type: embedded in rough endoplasmic reticulum - Mobile type: injects proteins directly into cytoplasm

14. Rough/Smooth ER and Ribosomes (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P) Where proteins and lipids are made Some molecular traffic directed by ER Internal transport systems City streets

15. Golgi Bodies (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P) Packages cell proteins & lipids For cellular export Post Office

16. Mitochondria (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P) Produces energy (ATP) for the cell to use Power Plant

17. Chloroplasts (only in Plant Cells) Where photosynthesis occurs Sugars are made A secondary Power Plant solar cells (only in plants)

18. Lysosome (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P, Mostly Animal) Uses digestive enzymes to break down macromolecules Garbage Dump Treatment plant

19. Vacuoles (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P) Fluid filled space, used for storage, digestion, water retention (in plants) Warehouse

20. Cytoplasm or Cytosol (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P) Mainly water, forms the “body” of the cell Air of the city

21. Cytoskeleton (Animal and Plant Cells  A &P) Aid in cell movement (actin) Also help in protein/lipid movement inside the cell (microtubules) and cell support Support rods

22. Cell Wall (only in Plant Cells) Provide rigidity for structure and support Contains cellulose Outer Wall

23. Membrane Structure Fluid like