1. The Reformation
A New Path in Religion

2. Martin Luther 1517 a young monk challenges the Roman Catholic Church.
Taught at Wittenberg university, Germany
Said Pope does not make decisions on who goes to heaven.
Just wanted to reform the church=Reformation
Mad about leadership & worried about soul.
Faith not works
Angered by indulgences, 95 arguments known as 95 theses

3. Martin Luther cont. At 1st church did not take him seriously
Battled w/ Pope…verbally like Wycliffe
Luther’s ideas led to new denominations
Led to first protestant denomination
Lutheranism: faith in Jesus, Bible,& all believers in church not just clergy.
Led to peasant revolts

4. Others of the Time -Desiderius Erasmus Christian humanist
Reason=better people=better church
Translated bible, good in everyday life.
-John Calvin & Calvinism (Puritans & Presbyterian)
Studied theology in Paris
Studied Martin Luther…secretly & liked
Found safety in Geneva, Switzerland
was a protestant city
Believed in predestination, worked hard
Congregation picks leaders, led to picking political leaders.

5. Catholics vs. Protestant
War broke out for years.
Catholic church wanted people back, council at Trent, outcome= rules & seminaries
Jesuits = Popes agents, founder Ignatius of Loyola.
Bourbon’s (Navarre) and Huguenots in France
Most nobles in France Protestant, Catherine Medici
Civil war and Huguenot Henry IV=king, no Paris.
Double dipped to get what he wanted as King
Thirty year war in Czech republic.
Spanish reformation
English reformation: took longer to change, Henry VIII, divorced/executed/died in childbirth/ divorced/ executed/ survived, excommunicated, started church of England.
Mary I, wanted to be Catholic, 300 at the stake, nickname, followed by Elizabeth I and the Puritans.