2. Where does the majority of the mass go from the food you eat?

3. The majority of the mass from food you eat gets exhaled as carbon dioxide!! How do we know?

4. Exercise and Pulse Predict what happens to your pulse when you exercise. Explain why your pulse increases when you exercise. Summarize what your body uses oxygen for.

5. What do we need energy for?

6. All organisms need energy in order to carry out their every day functions. – Such as breathing, walking, running, eating, thinking, growing, etc. ENERGY

7. What form of energy do we make?

8. 2009-2010 ATP Energy in Biology Adenosine TriPhosphate Every organism needs ATP!

9. 2 cellular processes make ATP Review: Photosynthesis – Done by plants – Happens in the Chloroplast – Makes ATP from sunlight – Some ATP is used for food for the plant Today:Cellular Respiration – Done by all living things (in some form) – Happens in the Mitochondria – Makes ATP from breaking down food

10. Energy Reactions Cellular Respiration – C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + 36 ATP Photosynthesis – 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + Sunlight  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Which are reactants and which are products?

11. Checkpoint Using the equations for cellular respiration and photosynthesis, justify why plants need to make glucose through photosynthesis. Cellular Respiration – C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + 36 ATP Photosynthesis – 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + Sunlight  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2

12. Predict what types of cells in your body would contain many mitochondria.

13. Cellular Respiration Purpose: to break down glucose Can be done with or without oxygen – With Oxygen: Aerobic Respiration – Without Oxygen: Anaerobic Respiration Glucose Energy

14. Location of Reactions Cellular Respiration: occurs in the mitochondria of cells

15. Cellular Respiration – 3 Steps C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + 36 ATP 1. Glycolysis – Happens in the cytoplasm – Glucose is split in half – Makes 2 ATP

16. 2. Kreb’s Cycle – Happens in Mitochondria – Breaks down Glucose further – Makes 2 ATP Cellular Respiration – 3 Steps C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + 36 ATP

17. Electron Transport Chain – Happens in Mitochondria – Uses O 2 Gas – Makes 32 ATP Cellular Respiration – 3 Steps C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + 36 ATP

18. Cellular respiration Aerobic (with oxygen) Cellular Respiration Result: 36 ATP, 6 water, 6 oxygen molecules All eukaryotic life does this With O2 present Anaerobic (without oxygen) Fermentation Result: 2 ATP, bigger molecules (varies with type) All prokaryotes do this and some eukaryotes do when stressed With O2 absent

19. Cellular respiration: Fermentation 2 Types of Fermentation Lactic Acid fermentation Higher animals do this in muscles Result: 2 ATPs and lactic acid (may cause muscle cramps) Alcoholic fermentation Yeast cells and bacteria do this Result: 2 ATP, ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide (used in bread and beer/wine making)

20. Energy Tally 36 ATP for aerobic vs. 2 ATP for anaerobic – Glycolysis 2 ATP – Kreb’s 2 ATP – Electron Transport32 ATP Total: 36 ATP Do we think we always make this exact number of ATP?

21. Back to the equation…. – C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + 38 ATP – C 6 H 12 O 6 (food we eat)+ 6 O 2 (air we breathe)  6 H 2 O (liquid waste) + 6 CO 2 (what we exhale) + 38 ATP (no mass)

22. Exit Ticket