1. Gender Inequality and the 2008 Presidential Election

2. What is Gender Inequality? Gender inequality focuses on the unequal access to power, privilege and prestige between men and women in society. Gender is usually considered as a social construct

3. The Status of Women in Modern Industrial Societies Studies of gender stratification in modern industrial societies tend to focus on: 1. Occupational segregation 2. Income inequality (women get less return on their educational investment than men) 3. Feminization of poverty 4. Glass ceiling effects 5. Work and childcare issues 6. Gender inequality in politics

4. MenWomenDifference Management Chief Executives19181536-382 Computer and information systems managers15961363-233 Medical and health services managers14141063-351 Education aministrators1371960-411 Non-Management Accountants and auditors1186858-328 Computer programmer12681074-194 Social Worker764754-10 Lawyer17831381-402 Secondary School Teacher1001900-101 Pharmacist18871603-284 Nursing, psychiatric and home health aide500416-84 Telemarketer422391-31 Median Weekly Earnings ($) by Sex for Selected Occupations 2007 http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpswom2007.pdf

5. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. See alsohttp://www.bls.gov/cps/cpswom2007.pdf

6. „...white female advantage in college completion is largely attributable to a declining rate of college completion among boys whose fathers were high school educated or absent.” From: Buchmann and DiPrete (2006) American Sociological Review Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded to Men and Women in the United States, 1959–2004 Source: U.S. Department of Education. 2004. Digest of Education Statistics, Table 247.

7. http://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=77

8. Poverty Rates in the U.S. by Sex, 1966 - 2007 http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/histpov/perindex.htmlhttp://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/histpov/perindex.html Table 7

9. Poverty Status in the U.S. by Age and Sex: 1999 http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/censr-20.pdf

10. http://www.cawp.rutgers.edu/fast_facts/levels_of_office/documents/elective.pdf