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Published byDarrell O’Brien’ Modified over 9 years ago
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You will need to understand all of the concepts presented.
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Why should you pass this the first time around? Because remediation is worse than this…
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2 types of cells… Prokaryotes Eukaryotes -no nucleus- have a nucleus No membrane -have membrane Bound organelles organelles BACTERIA ONLY Everything other than bacteria
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What do they have in common? Plasma membrane (cell membrane) Cytoplasm DNA – genetic material Ribosomes- make protein
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What do alveoli do for the lungs?
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States of matter for water Most dense – liquid (water) Middle density – ice (solid) Least dense- water vapor (gas)
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In a Lake….
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Carbon
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Hydrolysis- adding water to split
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Dehydration Synthesis- removing water to connect
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Enzymes! They are proteins They speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions They are not consumed or affected in the reaction They have an active site where the substrate bonds
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What affects the rate of enzyme activity? Temperature Higher temps speed up reactions Lower temps slow down reactions pH Each enzyme has a specific pH at which is operates best.
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pH- Scale
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Chloroplast A green organelle found within plant cells Site of photosynthesis – converting light energy into chemical energy
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Cellular Respiration
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Cellular Energy - ATP!!
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Transport- passive Movement of molecules through a cell membrane. Without using energy- they will move from high concentration to low Thus they are moving WITH the concentration gradient.
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Transport- Active Movement across a membrane from low concentration to high concentration. Requires ATP (energy)
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Organelle within eukaryotic cells. Has ribosomes attached that make proteins for the cell.
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Golgi Apparatus An organelle in eukaryotic cells Packages and processes cellular products
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What is homeostasis? Processes an organism uses to regulate its internal environment. Example- when you are hot you sweat, when you are cold you shiver.
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Mitosis Division of the nucleus of a body (somatic) cell Cloning of the cell- NO change to the DNA One division
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Meiosis Division of the nucleus of sex cells Creates sperm and egg Genetic variation arises through this process There are 2 divisions in meiosis You start with one cell and end up with 4
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Draw a punnet square 21. Punnet Squares
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Deletion: genes are completely deleted Insertion: Genes are added Inversion: Flipping of genes Translocation: Genes move from one chromosome to the next 22. Chromosome Variation
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23. Pro vs. Eu Prokaryotes Eukaryotes no nucleus- have a nucleus No membrane -have membrane Bound organelles organelles BACTERIA ONLY Everything other than bacteria
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The rough endoplasmic reticulum manufactures membranes and secretory proteins Go through and cross off incorrect answers. 24. Endoplasmic Reticulum
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25. DNA and Phenotypes
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Cross out incorrect answers Genetic variation and diversity good Unplanned ecosystem interactions is the answer 26. Genetics
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Natural Selection Mechanism of Evolution Organisms with “bad” genes won’t make it to reproduction age while organisms with “good” genes will reproduce more Cross off incorrect answers 27. Natural Selection
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DNA
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