1. A case study of the Central Coast Salish James M Hundley Binghamton University

2.  “…the utterance itself is the act” (Waever 1995: 55) Contrast with Balzacq (2010)

3.  an articulated assemblage of practices whereby heuristic artefacts (metaphors, policy tools, image repertoires, analogies, stereotypes, emotions, etc.) are contextually mobilized by a securitizing actor, who works to prompt an audience to build a coherent network of implications (feelings, sensations, thoughts, and intuitions), about the critical vulnerability of a referent object, that concurs with the securitizing actor’s reasons for choices and actions, by investing the referent subject with such an aura of unprecedented threatening complexion that a customized policy must be undertaken to immediately block its development (2010: 3)

4.  1) Securitization at border allows us to trace development of sociocultural phenomena  2) Using an indigenous research methodology allows better insight into those developments

7.  Formal political organization  Politics organized by kinship Hop picking Slahal game

8. Oregon Treaty 1846

9. The “Salish Sea”

10.  Coast Salish Gathering  Nawtsamaat Alliance

12.  Collective, publically expressed identity  Tied to historic self-understanding  Responds to social context

13.  Language ◦ From Lhéchelesem to Halkomelem  Human Ecology ◦ Relationship to land/changing metaphors

14.  Experiencing the landscape

18.  From “studying” to “studying with”  “Indigenous research methodology is not simply about who is doing the research – Indigenous or not – but the way in which Indigenous protocols, values, and behaviors are honored and made an integral part of the research, its reflexivity, and results” (Dangeli 2006:9)