1. CP Biology Final Review 2014-15 Turning Point/Power Point Review

2. What is the process of making copies of DNA before a cell divides called? A. mitosis B. transformation C. replication D. translation

3. When cells grow out of control it is called? 1.Cancer 2.Meiosis 3.Mitosis 4.Cytokinesis

4. What is the reason cells have to stay small? 0 of 30 1.The surface area/volume ratio increases and materials can move efficiently out of the cell. 2.The surface area/volume ratio decreases and materials can move efficiently out of the cell. 3.The cells don’t like to grow because they won’t have room to move

5. Endosymbiotic theory suggests that eukaryotic cell developed from 1.Communities formed by prokaryotes 2.Multicellular prokaryotes 3.Communities of eukaryotes Countdown 10

6. The first organisms on Earth were most like today’s 1.Bacteria 2.Eukaryotes 3.Multicellular organisms 4.DNA Molecules Countdown 10

7. Sharks, dolphins and penguins all have streamlined bodies and appendages that enable them to move through water. This is a result of 1.Coevolution 2.Asexual rerproduction 3.Convergent evolution Countdown 10

8. Genetic variation or gene shuffling are most often the result of 1.Mutations 2.Mitosis 3.Adaptations 4.Sexual reproduction Countdown 10

9. In humans the tailbone is an example of 1.Analogous structure 2.Natural variation 3.Vestigial structure 4.Homologous structure Countdown 10

10. The Earth is believed to be how old ? 1.3.8 million years 2.50 million years 3.3.5 billion years 4.4.5 billion years Countdown 10

11. It is believed that life on Earth began 1.1 million years ago 2.2 million years ago 3.3.5 billion years ago 4.10 billion years ago Countdown 10

12. Which type of mutation results in an extra chromosome in a human karyotype 1.Frameshift 2.Nondisjunction 3.Translocation 4.duplication Countdown 10

13. The mutation which results if one or more nucleotide was added to DNA 1.Inversion 2.Nondisjunction 3.Duplication 4.Frameshift Countdown 10

14. Just as whales have vestigial leg & hip bones, humans have which of the following organs that are vestigial? 1.Arm & leg bones 2.Tail bones & an appendix 3.Gill slits & pinky fingers 4.All of the above are vestigial in humans Countdown 10

15. Which of the following scientist presented research that showed that the earth changed over many millions of years? 1.Charles Darwin 2.Francesco Redi 3.James Hutton & Charle’s Lyell 4.Thomas Malthus & Lynn Margulis Countdown 10

16. When allele frequency in a population remains constant this is called_________ and it involves _______selection. 1.Genetic drift; directional 2.Genetic equilibrium; stablizing 3.Cloning; natural 4.Gene pool vigor; disruptive Countdown 10

17. Which best describes a mutation? 1. A change in phenotype, but not genotype 2. A change in genotype, but not phenotype 3. A change in the sequence of DNA 4.A change in the rate of the reproduction of cells Countdown 10

18. A good example of geographic isolation of a gene pool 1.the effect of being separated on an island 2.Habitat fragmentation that prevents panda bears from mating 3.Long winged flies mating with only other long winged flies due to higher height of flight 4.all of the above are examples Countdown 10

19. Half –life is described as 1.Amount of time it takes for half of the radioactive material in a dead organism to decay 2.The life span of a fossil 3.Time it takes for a period of geological to elapse 4.None of the above 0 of 30 Countdown 10

20. Which of the following concepts is NOT part of Darwin’s natural selection theory? 1.Competition for resources 2.Variations exist in each and every species 3.Survival of the fittest 4.Inheritance of acquired characteristics Countdown 10

21. Which of the following is the proper eras of time in order from most recent to distant past? 1.Cenozoic, mesozoic, paleozoic, precambrian 2.Paleozoic, mesozoic, cenozoic, precambrian 3.Mesozoic, precambrian, paleozoic, cenozoic 4. Precambrian, paleozoic, mesozoic, cenozoic Countdown 10

22. Sunlight, water and carbon dioxide are combined into sugars during A. Respiration B. Cellular respiration C. Protein synthesis D. Photosynthesis Countdown 10

23. Organisms that can make their own food are: a.Heterotrophs b.Phentotrophs c.Autotrophs d.Fungi Countdown 10

24. Photosynthesis is affected by A. Light intensity B. Oxygen C. sugar D. starch Countdown 10

25. Cellular respiration releases A. Oxygen B. Sugar C. Starch D. Energy Countdown 10

26. The reactants for cellular respiration are A. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide B. Carbon Dioxide and Water C. Water and Oxygen D. Oxygen and Sugar Countdown 10

27. 2 ATP molecules are produced during A. Glycolysis B.. Photosynthesis C. Cellular Respiration D. Respiration Countdown 10

28. The type of fermentation that occurs in muscles is A. Lactic Acid B. Alcoholic C. Mitochondrial D. Lysosomic Countdown 10

29. When ATP releases energy, what type of bond is broken A. High Energy B. Low Energy C. Medium Energy D. All of the Above Countdown 10

30. The waste product of Krebs cycle is A. Energy B. Oxygen c. Carbon Dioxide d. Sugar Countdown 10

31. A heterotroph is an organism that A. Is a consumer B. Is a Producer C. Is an Autotroph Countdown 10

32. In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes become visible? 1.Prophase 2.Interphase 3.Metaphase 4.Telophase Countdown 10

33. Which of the following is a phase of mitosis? 1.Cytokinesis 2.S phase 3.Telophase 4.Interphase Countdown 10

34. The “father” of Genetics is? 1.Darwin 2.Mendel 3.Franklin 4.Watson Countdown 10

35. Two plants with the genotype YY and Yy 1.Have all dominant alleles 2.Have all recessive alleles 3.Would have the same phenotype 4.Would have different phenotypes Countdown 10

36. What process produces gametes? 1.Meiosis 2.Crossing over 3.Mitosis 4.Replication Countdown 10

37. When one allele is not completely dominant over another it is called… 1.Multiple alleles 2.Codominant alleles 3.Incomplete dominance 4.Multiple genes Countdown 10

38. Mendel allowed the F1 generation to self-pollinate, the offspring were… 1.Medium height 2.All tall 3.All short 4.Some tall & some short Countdown 10

39. Mendel used pea plants to study… 1.How to raise the best peas 2.How plant gametes are formed 3.The inheritance of traits 4.How plants cross pollinated Countdown 10

40. Meiosis results in cells called 1.Somatic Cells 2.Gametes 3.Diploid Cells 4.Body Cells Countdown 10

41. The principles of genetics apply to 1.Biotic Factors 2.Plants 3.Animals 4.Abiotic Factors Countdown 10

42. Cells produced during meiosis are _____, cells produced during mitosis are______. 1.Diploid, haploid 2.2n, n 3.Haploid, diploid 4.Somatic, gametes Countdown 10

43. A DNA nucleotide consists of: 1.Phosphate group, deoxyribose, nitrogenous base 2.Phosphate group, ribose, nitrogenous base 3.Nitrogen group, deoxyribose, phosphate base 4.Nitrogen group, ribose, phosphate base Countdown 10

44. RNA contains the sugar 1.Deoxyribose 2.Glucose 3.Fructose 4.Ribose Countdown 10

45. What is the process of translation? 1.DNA is made from mRNA 2.mRNA is used to make proteins 3.DNA is copied 4.rRNA is used to make proteins Countdown 10

46. Mutations of one nucleotide are called Countdown 10 1.Chromosomal mutations 2.Translocation 3.Inversion 4.Point mutations

47. A normal human male has ______ chromosomes and ____ sex chromosomes 1.23, XY 2.23, XX 3.46, XX 4.46, XY Countdown 10

48. Sickle-cell disease in a human is caused by 1.A single gene change in DNA that results in different amino acids 2.A multiple gene change in DNA that results in different amino acids 3.A single gene change in DNA that results in the same amino acids 4.A multiple gene change in DNA that results in the same amino acids Countdown 10