1. Natural Environments of Europe Ch. 13

2. Europe--A peninsula of peninsulas Scandinavian Scandinavian Iberian Iberian Italian Italian Jutland Jutland Balkan Balkan

3. United Kingdom: United Kingdom: WalesWales EnglandEngland ScotlandScotland Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland

4. I. Physical Features Landforms (see p.291): Landforms (see p.291): Northwest HighlandsNorthwest Highlands Northern European PlainNorthern European Plain Central UplandsCentral Uplands Alpine Mtns.Alpine Mtns.

5. Northwest Highlands Northwest Highlands Glaciers (c. 2 mill. – 10,000 yrs. ago)Glaciers (c. 2 mill. – 10,000 yrs. ago) FjordsFjords

6. Western Upland = Northwest Highlands N.Euro.Lowland= N.Euro.Plain

7. Northern European Plain: Northern European Plain:

8. Western Upland = Northwest Highlands N.Euro.Lowland= N.Euro.Plain

9. Central Uplands: Central Uplands: Massif CentralMassif Central

10. Western Upland = Northwest Highlands N.Euro.Lowland= N.Euro.Plain

11. Alpine Mountain System: Alpine Mountain System: AlpsAlps Passable? Passable? CarpathianCarpathian ApenninesApennines PyreneesPyrenees

12. Western Upland = Northwest Highlands N.Euro.Lowland= N.Euro.Plain

14. Western Upland = Northwest Highlands N.Euro.Lowland= N.Euro.Plain

16. The IJselmeer Dam Polders of the Netherlands: Polders of the Netherlands: 1) build dikes1) build dikes 2) use windmills to pump water out thru canals2) use windmills to pump water out thru canals 3) plants/reeds grow (burned)3) plants/reeds grow (burned) 4) create farmland (polders)4) create farmland (polders)

19. Water Mediterranean Sea connected Mediterranean Sea connected to the Black Sea (Bosporus) Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean North Sea North Sea Baltic Sea (freezes in winter) Baltic Sea (freezes in winter) Natural harbors Natural harbors Navigable rivers Navigable rivers

20. Canals

21. Rivers Rhine & Danube Rhine & Danube

22. II. Climates & Biomes Climates: Climates: Marine westMarine west coast coast HumidHumid continental continental MediterraneanMediterranean

23. Latitude = Climate?

24. The North Atlantic Drift = Warm H2O:

25. III. Natural Resources Forests? Forests? Loess? Loess? Alluvial? Alluvial?

26. Industrial Revolution

27. Ag. productivity among Ag. productivity among highest in world highest in world Ag. in former USSR Ag. in former USSR countries? countries?

28. Energy & Resources Must rely on Must rely on mineral imports --Ruhr coal field

29. North Sea Oil North Sea Oil

30. Hydroelectricity Hydroelectricity Tidal & solar Tidal & solar Geothermal Geothermal Nuclear Nuclear

31. Nuclear Power Plants of the World

32. Sealand