1. Chapter 12, Section 1 Launching the New Deal

2. FDR won the election of 1932 by a landslide
He reached out to Americans with a series of radio talks
These “fireside chats” explained in simple terms how he would fight the Depression
FDR’s mobility was limited, so Eleanor attended rallies, tours & reported to him
Before becoming elected, he recruited experts to advise him
The brain trust
FDR addressed the banking crisis
Only healthy banks were allowed to reopen

5. May ’33: Congress established the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, giving $ to states for direct aid to the homeless
June ‘33, Congress passed Glass-Steagall Act
It prevented banks from investing in the stock market
Also created the FDIC to insure depositors’ savings
FDR began a policy of deficit spending to keep agencies open
Banks reopened & deposits exceeded withdrawals

6. As confidence grew, the banking crisis ended
Roosevelt sent a flurry of proposals to Congress
This session (Hundred Days), much of FDR’s program was passed without debate
FDR called his plan the New Deal
He had no clear plan of how to end the Depression
It was a series of measures quickly drawn up to attack Depression in many ways at once
Relief for victims
Recovery of the economy
Reform to prevent a crisis in the future

7. 1933-35, goals were recovery & relief
June,’33: Public Works Administration, offered jobs instead of handouts
PWA built highways, dams, schools, public buildings
Civil Works Administration also hired jobless for construction projects
‘33-34: CWA hired 4 million, 300,000 women
May ’33: Congress created the Tennessee Valley Authority (employed over 40,000)

8. TVA built dams & power plants in seven-states
CCC was most admired New Deal agency
It provided outdoor work to jobless single men
3 million planted trees, fought fires, & prevented soil erosion

9. Tennessee Valley Authority dam construction and a finished dam

13. ’34: Indian Reorganization Act, gave to tribal ownership Native lands previously open to sale
The National Industrial Recovery Act was passed to control production
NIRA shortened work hours to create more jobs
It limited factories to 2 shifts per day
National Recovery Administration created to direct the program
Some wanted more active gov.; others thought the gov. interfered too much

14. One critic was Father Charles E
One critic was Father Charles E. Coughlin, a priest with a popular radio show
He called for heavy taxes on the wealthy and a guaranteed income for everyone
Another rival was Louisiana Senator Huey Long
He proposed taking property from the rich & giving every family a home & $2,000 a year
A third critic was Dr. Francis Townsend
He called for a $200 per month pension for all Americans over age 60

15. Father Charles E. Coughlin
Senator
Huey Long