1. Retention Phase of Orthodontics

2. It is the functional adaptation period, following active orthodontic phase.

3. Biological basis of retention
Within a short period of time , most of the periodontal fibers realign themselves, the supra-alveolar and transeptal fibers change very slowly.
Woven bone matures into bundle bone.

4. Factors affecting retention planning
1- Original mal-occlusion.
2- lengths of cusps, relation of
inclined plane.
3-status of perio-oral muscles.
4- Etiology of malocclusion.
5- Skeletal age of the patient.

5. Factors affecting retention planning
6- Cooperation of the patient.
7-Distance of the teeth movement.
8-Length of active period.
9- Status of cranio-facial growth.
10-Post-treatment occlusion.
11- Status of third molars

6. Types of retainers 1- Removable retainer. 2- Fixed retainer.
3- Positioner.

7. Duration of Retention 1- No Retention 2- Permanent Retention.
3- Temporary Retention.

8. Orthodontic Relapse
Relapse is the loss of correction achieved through orthodontic treatment.

9. Common relapse problems
1-Collapse of mandibular expansion.
2- Relapse of corrected open –bite or deep bite.
3- Relapse of posterior cross- bite.
4- Relapse of corrected rotation, Re -apperance spacing or crowding

10. Etiology of relapse
1-Improper orthodontic diagnosis.
2- Inadequate