1. Adapted from Susan M. Pojer

3. The Versailles Treaty

4. Land Reparations War Guilt League of Nations Military Restrictions The Versailles Treaty

5. German army reduced Germany barred from having tanks, an air force, or submarines Occupied DMZ west of the Rhineland Map showing German territory lost and the Rhineland DMZ The Versailles Treaty

6. Although President Wilson was the driving force behind the creation of the League of Nations, the United States did not join it. The League of Nations

7. The “Stab-In-The-Back” Theory German soldiers are dissatisfied. German soldiers are dissatisfied.

8. The Great Depression

9. Economic economic functions controlled by state corporations or state Cultural Censorship Indoctrination Secret police Social Supported by middle class, industrialists and military Chief Examples Italy Spain Germany Political nationalist racist (Nazism) One-party rule Supreme leader Basic principles Authoritarianism State more important than the individual Charismatic leader Action oriented Characteristics of Fascism

10. Italy Dictator Benito Mussolini addresses his followers

11. Rise of the Nazis Germany’s economic woes Political instability Fascism National Socialist German Workers’ Party

12. Adolf Hitler

13. The Nazis promoted a view of Germany as surrounded by enemies and threatened on all sides

14. Hitler sworn in as Chancellor, 1933 The Nazis Gain Power

18. Italy Attacks Ethiopia, 1935 Emperor Haile Selassie IlDuce

19. Germany Rearms German troops march back into the Rhineland, March 1936

20. Hitler and Mussolini Rome-Berlin Axis Signing of Tripartite pact to form the Axis Alliance Building an Axis

21. The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939 Francisco Franco

22. The Spanish Civil War: A Dress Rehearsal for WWII? Italian troops in Madrid

23. The Destruction of Guernica