1. A multilevel path analysis of social networks and social interaction in the neighbourhood Pauline van den Berg Harry Timmermans

2. Introduction Neighbourhood-based social contacts Social network literature: declining role of neighbourhoods Urban planning literature: increasing attention (urban renewal policies) Empirical findings are scarce and inconclusive

3. Introduction Neighbourhood-based social contacts Socio-demographic characteristics Neighbourhood characteristics

4. Structure Data collection Descriptives Path analysis results

5. Data collection Quality of life questionnaire May 2011 In 70 neighbourhoods in Eindhoven

6. Personal approach 751 completed questionnaires

7. Sample MeanSt. dev. Age 47.1116.86 Full time work: >36 hours (dummy) 0.230.42 No work (dummy) 0.420.49 Low income: < € 1000,- per month after tax (dummy) 0.110.32 High income > € 3000,- per month after tax (dummy) 0.290.46 Low education: primary (dummy) 0.400.49 High education: BSc or higher (dummy) 0.070.26 Child(ren) under 18 in household (dummy) 0.380.49 Club memberships (nr) 0.961.20 Western immigrant (dummy) 0.040.19 Non-western immigrant (dummy) 0.060.24 Years in current address 13.9012.81 Mean household income in neighbourhood (x €1000) 23.915.66 % non-western immigrants in neighbourhood 16.349.02 Urban: >2500 addresses per km 2 (dummy) 0.390.49

8. Network size and share of neighbours Think about the people you feel very close to: - discuss important matters, - regularly keep in touch with, - are there if you need help somewhat close to: - more than just casual acquaintances Network sizemean 24.85st. dev. 25.68 Share of neighboursmean 10.14st. dev. 13.50 # direct relatives …………# other relatives ……….. # colleagues ……………..# club members ……….. # neighbours ………………# other friends ………….

9. Interaction with neighbours Frequency of interaction N % Never (0) 49 6.5 Once a month or less (1) 112 14.9 2 or 3 times per month (2.5) 89 11.9 Once a week (4) 130 17.3 Several times per week (12) 237 31.6 (almost) every day (24) 133 17.7

10. Methods Path analysis −Can capture the relationships between several dependent and independent variables −Special case of structural equation modeling (SEM) −Deals only with measured variables

11. Methods Path analysis −Can capture the relationships between several dependent and independent variables −Special case of structural equation modeling (SEM) −Deals only with measured variables Multilevel path analysis −Captures hierarchical structure of the data

12. Model structure % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

13. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

14. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

15. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

16. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

17. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

18. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

19. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

20. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

21. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

22. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

23. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

24. Results single-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

25. Results multi-level model % neighbours in network Age Work Income Children Club memberships Education Non-western immigrant Western immigrant Years in address Neighbourhood income % Non-west. immigrants Urban Social network size Interaction frequency

26. Conclusions Socio-demographics are more important than neighbourhood characteristics in explaining contacts with neighbours

27. Conclusions Socio-demographics are more important than neighbourhood characteristics in explaining contacts with neighbours Contacts with neighbours higher for people with longer residence and more time at home

28. Conclusions Socio-demographics are more important than neighbourhood characteristics in explaining contacts with neighbours Contacts with neighbours higher for people with longer residence and more time at home Limited effects of neighbourhood characteristics

29. Conclusions Socio-demographics are more important than neighbourhood characteristics in explaining contacts with neighbours Contacts with neighbours higher for people with longer residence and more time at home Limited effects of neighbourhood characteristics Difference between single and multi-level model

30. A multilevel path analysis of social networks and social interaction in the neighbourhood Pauline van den Berg Harry Timmermans