1. ANDREW JACKSON

2. THE ANDREW JACKSON ERA

3. MILITARY CAREER Joined Continental Army at age 13 as a courier
Major General of Tennessee Volunteers. Led troops to victory in March 1814 against the Creek Indians at Horseshoe Bend
May 1814 appointed Major General of the Army during the War of On January 8, 1815, he defeated the British in New Orleans and was declared a hero.
During the 1st Seminole War ( ) he overthrew the Spanish Governor in Florida

4. MILITARY LEADER

5. PRESIDENCY 7th President. March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837
Elected by newly formed Democratic Party
Given nickname “Old Hickory” because of his toughness and aggressive nature in battle
Opponents referred to him as “Jackass”. Jackson liked the name. Later became symbol for the Democratic Party
January 1835 Jackson paid off the entire National Debt, the only time in history that has been accomplished
First Presidential assassination attempt was against Jackson on May 6, it was unsuccessful

6. PRESIDENT JACKSON
Campaign Poster

7. ELECTORAL COLLEGE
Jackson repeatedly called for the abolition of the Electoral College
Wanted to accomplish this by Constitutional Amendment in his annual messages to Congress
Believed that it should be the right of the people to directly elect the President and Vice President
He was never successful

8. SPOILS SYSTEM
Largely responsible for what is known as “Spoils System” which rewards voters with government jobs for working toward the victory
Dismissed 20% of Federal employees and replaced them with political appointees from his party
Led to corruption including the appointment of officials with no experience related to their responsibilities
Still practiced by both parties today

9. POLITICAL CARTOONS

10. OPPOSITION TO NATIONAL BANK
Jackson opposed National Bank for the following reasons:
Concentrated financial strength in a single institution
Exposed government to control by foreign interests
Exercised too much control over Congress
Served mainly to make rich richer
Succeed in destroying Bank by vetoing its 1832 re-charter and withdrawing U.S. funds in Local and state banks sprung up. Not long after banks collapsed
Direct cause of Panic of 1837 which threw economy into a deep depression
Jackson was censured by the Senate for this action

11. DESTROYING NATIONAL BANK
Cartoon showing Jackson destroying National Bank

12. NULLIFICATION CRISIS Also known as the “Secession Crisis” 1828 – 1832
South Carolina voted to “nullify” (void) the Tax Tariff Of 1828
Jackson said all states had to obey Federal Laws
Tensions rose and both sides prepared for military action
After much discussion and being close to starting a battle, in 1832 Jackson signed a new tax bill and South Carolina repealed their Ordinance of Nullification
Supreme Court has always ruled that individual states do not have the power to void or nullify Federal Laws

13. INDIAN REMOVAL ACT Jackson supported removing Indians from their land
Signed Indian Removal Act on May 28, 1830
Act authorized President to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders
Many tribes moved peacefully some did not
Cherokee Indians were forcefully removed and over 4,000 Cherokees died on the forced march which became known as the “Trail of Tears”

14. INDIAN REMOVAL ACT

15. INTERESTING FACTS Joined Revolutionary War when he was 13
Fought in War of 1812 and the Seminole War
First President to invite the public to White House Ball to honor his inauguration. It was a disaster
Owned 44 slaves
Fought and killed Indians but adopted two Indian children
Had bullet lodged near his heart after being shot in a duel and a musket ball in his lung that made him cough blood and made his whole body shake
First President to ever have assassination attempt. Assassin’s gun misfired twice and Jackson attacked him with his cane

16. ANDREW JACKSON
Most famous Jackson image