2. CHAPTER FOUR: THE ENGLISH COLONIES

3. WHY WERE THE ENGLISH COLONIES UNIQUE? 4 TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION ONE NEEDS TO FOCUS ON THE THREE MAIN AREAS OF HISTORICAL STUDY –SOCIAL-I.E. RELIGION & CULTURE –ECONOMIC-$$$$ –POLITICS-GOVERNMENT

4. POLITICS: SELF RULE VS. RULE BY KING ECONOMICS: JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES VS. KING FINANCING SOCIETY: PROTESTANTS/FREEDOM OF RELIGION VS. CATHOLICS/CONVERSION OF NATIVES

5. THE FOUNDATION OF THE UNIQUE ENGLISH SETTLEMENTS 4A4A HERITAGE OF DEMOCRACY –P–PARTICIPATORY GOVERNMENT-- INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS TAKE PART IN THE GOVERNMENT 4G4GOVERNMENT FINANCED COLONIES VS. PRIVATE FINANCING 4R4RELIGION--PROTESTANT VS. CATHOLIC: FREEDOM OF RELIGION

6. HERITAGE OF SELF RULE 4 THE MAGNA CARTA GAVE THE ENGLISH THE ABILITY TO RULE THEMSELVES 4 THE TUDOR KINGS NEEDED MONEY 4 THE MONEY WOULD CONSOLIDATE POWER 4 PARLIAMENT -- THE ENGLISH LEGISLATURE 4 PARLIAMENT WOULD RAISE TAXES IN RETURN FOR MORE POWER

7. HERITAGE OF SELF RULE 4 THE HOUSE OF COMMONS RECEIVED MORE POWER 4 MEMBERS OF THE COMMONS WERE ELECTED BY VOTERS 4 MANY ORDINARY PEOPLE COULD PARTICIPATE IN THE GOV’T 4 AN INCREASE IN LOCAL CONTROL AND DEMOCRACY 4 IN SPAIN AND FRANCE--ABSOLUTE MONARCHY: NO DEMOCRACY

8. ENGLISH COLONIAL GOVERMENT 4 UNLIKE THE SPANISH & FRENCH COLONIES, WHERE THE KING, VICEROY OR GOVERNORS HELD ABSOLUTE POWER 4 THE ENGLISH WERE USED TO RULING THEMSELVES AND SET UP REPRESENTATIVE GOV’T IN THE NEW WORLD—THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES & THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT.

9. PAYING FOR EXPLORATION-- TRADING COMPANIES 4P4PORTUGAL, SPAIN AND FRANCE, THE MONARCH PAID FOR EXPLORATION 4T4THE MONARCHS WERE THE ONLY ONES ABLE TO AFFORD THE COST OF EXPLORATION 4T4TRADING SHIPS WERE OWNED BY THE MONARCHY 4T4THE MONARCHS KEPT THE PROFITS FROM EXPLORATION

10. JOINT STOCK COMPANIES 4 THE ENGLISH KING WAS SHORT OF FUNDS AND WAS UNABLE TO RAISE ENOUGH TAX REVENUE TO PAY FOR TRADE 4 NO INDIVIDUAL WAS RICH ENOUGH TO FINANCE EXPLORATION 4 LARGE TRADING COMPANIES WERE SET UP 4 THESE COMPANIES SOLD STOCK TO RAISE CAPITAL (MONEY TO PAY FOR EXPLORATION) 4 MERCHANTS WOULD POOL THEIR FUNDS AND PAY FOR TRADING MISSIONS TO THE NEW WORLD 4 MAJOR DIFFERENCE: THE STOCK HOLDERS NOT THE KING WOULD KEEP THE PROFITS

11. RELIGION 4 THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION SPLIT EUROPE - - MARTIN LUTHER 1517 4 MANY NATIONS BECOME PROTESTANT 4 SPAIN AND FRANCE REMAIN CATHOLIC 4 1534--HENRY VIII CREATED THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND ( A PROTESTANT CHURCH) 4 ENGLAND ITSELF BECOMES DIVIDED INTO MANY DIFFERENT RELIGIOUS GROUP: ANGLICAN (CHURCH OF ENGLAND), PURITAN, SEPARATISTS (PILGRIMS), CATHOLIC

12. DIFFERENCE IN RELIGION 4 NEW SPAIN AND NEW FRANCE ALL CATHOLIC INCLUDING MISSIONARIES 4 SPANISH AND FRENCH COLONISTS DO NOT COME FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM, ALL COLONISTS ARE CATHOLIC 4 MANY ENGLISH COLONISTS COME FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM, DUE TO PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND 4 MANY DIFFERENT RELIGIOUS GROUPS CAME TO THE ENGLISH COLONIES; MOSTLY PROTESTANT (SEPARATISTS, PURITANS, QUAKERS) & EVEN SOME CATHOLICS.